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TEI for Argumentation

This TEI customization defines elements and attributes for the annotation of argumentative structures within texts. It extends the type attribute on the <list> element and its child <item> elements to support the representation of arguments consisting of a set of premises, an inference rule, and a conclusion. It introduces a new about attribute on the att.global.analytic attribute class to specify what the text is about, as distinct from the ana attribute, which represents what is said about it. Additionally, it broadens the scope of the prev attribute to allow reference to multiple logical antecedents.

Elements

<TEI>

<TEI> (TEI document) contains a single TEI-conformant document, combining a single TEI header with one or more members of the model.resource class. Multiple <TEI> elements may be combined within a <TEI> (or <teiCorpus>) element. [4. Default Text Structure 16.1. Varieties of Composite Text]
Module textstructure
Attributes
version specifies the version number of the TEI Guidelines against which this document is valid.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.version
Note

Major editions of the Guidelines have long been informally referred to by a name made up of the letter P (for Proposal) followed by a digit. The current release is one of the many releases of the fifth major edition of the Guidelines, known as P5. This attribute may be used to associate a TEI document with a specific release of the P5 Guidelines, in the absence of a more precise association provided by the source attribute on the associated <schemaSpec>.

Member of
Contained by
core: teiCorpus
textstructure: TEI
May contain
header: teiHeader
linking: standOff
textstructure: TEI text
Note

As with all elements in the TEI scheme (except <egXML>) this element is in the TEI namespace (see 5.7.2. Namespaces). Thus, when it is used as the outermost element of a TEI document, it is necessary to specify the TEI namespace on it. This is customarily achieved by including http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 as the value of the XML namespace declaration (xmlns), without indicating a prefix, and then not using a prefix on TEI elements in the rest of the document. For example: <TEI version="4.8.1" xml:lang="it" xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">.

Example
<TEI version="3.3.0" xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
 <teiHeader>
  <fileDesc>
   <titleStmt>
    <title>The shortest TEI Document Imaginable</title>
   </titleStmt>
   <publicationStmt>
    <p>First published as part of TEI P2, this is the P5
         version using a namespace.</p>
   </publicationStmt>
   <sourceDesc>
    <p>No source: this is an original work.</p>
   </sourceDesc>
  </fileDesc>
 </teiHeader>
 <text>
  <body>
   <p>This is about the shortest TEI document imaginable.</p>
  </body>
 </text>
</TEI>
Example
<TEI version="2.9.1" xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
 <teiHeader>
  <fileDesc>
   <titleStmt>
    <title>A TEI Document containing four page images </title>
   </titleStmt>
   <publicationStmt>
    <p>Unpublished demonstration file.</p>
   </publicationStmt>
   <sourceDesc>
    <p>No source: this is an original work.</p>
   </sourceDesc>
  </fileDesc>
 </teiHeader>
 <facsimile>
  <graphic url="page1.png"/>
  <graphic url="page2.png"/>
  <graphic url="page3.png"/>
  <graphic url="page4.png"/>
 </facsimile>
</TEI>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="teiHeader"/>
  <alternate>
   <sequence>
    <classRef key="model.resource"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    <elementRef key="TEI" minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   </sequence>
   <elementRef key="TEI" minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element TEI
{
   attribute version { text }?,
   ( teiHeader, ( ( model.resource+, TEI* ) | TEI+ ) )
}

<author>

<author> (author) in a bibliographic reference, contains the name(s) of an author, personal or corporate, of a work; for example in the same form as that provided by a recognized bibliographic name authority. [3.12.2.2. Titles, Authors, and Editors 2.2.1. The Title Statement]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: bibl monogr
header: titleStmt
msdescription: msItem
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

Particularly where cataloguing is likely to be based on the content of the header, it is advisable to use a generally recognized name authority file to supply the content for this element. The attributes key or ref may also be used to reference canonical information about the author(s) intended from any appropriate authority, such as a library catalogue or online resource.

In the case of a broadcast, use this element for the name of the company or network responsible for making the broadcast.

Where an author is unknown or unspecified, this element may contain text such as Unknown or Anonymous. When the appropriate TEI modules are in use, it may also contain detailed tagging of the names used for people, organizations or places, in particular where multiple names are given.

Example
<author>British Broadcasting Corporation</author>
<author>La Fayette, Marie Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, comtesse de (1634–1693)</author>
<author>Anonymous</author>
<author>Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</author>
<author>
 <persName>Beaumont, Francis</persName>
 and
<persName>John Fletcher</persName>
</author>
<author>
 <orgName key="BBC">British Broadcasting
   Corporation</orgName>: Radio 3 Network
</author>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element author { macro.phraseSeq }

<availability>

<availability> (availability) supplies information about the availability of a text, for example any restrictions on its use or distribution, its copyright status, any licence applying to it, etc. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module header
Attributes
status (status) supplies a code identifying the current availability of the text.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
free
(free) the text is freely available.
unknown
(unknown) the status of the text is unknown.
restricted
(restricted) the text is not freely available.
Member of
Contained by
core: bibl monogr
May contain
core: p
header: licence
Note

A consistent format should be adopted

Example
<availability status="restricted">
 <p>Available for academic research purposes only.</p>
</availability>
<availability status="free">
 <p>In the public domain</p>
</availability>
<availability status="restricted">
 <p>Available under licence from the publishers.</p>
</availability>
Example
<availability>
 <licence target="http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT">
  <p>The MIT License
     applies to this document.</p>
  <p>Copyright (C) 2011 by The University of Victoria</p>
  <p>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
     of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
     in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
     to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
     copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
     furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:</p>
  <p>The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
     all copies or substantial portions of the Software.</p>
  <p>THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
     IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
     FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
     AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
     OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
     THE SOFTWARE.</p>
 </licence>
</availability>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.availabilityPart"/>
  <classRef key="model.pLike"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element availability
{
   attribute status { "free" | "unknown" | "restricted" }?,
   ( model.availabilityPart | model.pLike )+
}

<bibl>

<bibl> (bibliographic citation) contains a loosely-structured bibliographic citation of which the sub-components may or may not be explicitly tagged. [3.12.1. Methods of Encoding Bibliographic References and Lists of References 2.2.7. The Source Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
linking: seg standOff
msdescription: msItem
namesdates: person persona
textstructure: body div
May contain
Note

Contains phrase-level elements, together with any combination of elements from the model.biblPart class

Example
<bibl>Blain, Clements and Grundy: Feminist Companion to Literature in English (Yale,
 1990)</bibl>
Example
<bibl>
 <title level="a">The Interesting story of the Children in the Wood</title>. In
<author>Victor E Neuberg</author>, <title>The Penny Histories</title>.
<publisher>OUP</publisher>
 <date>1968</date>. 
</bibl>
Example
<bibl type="articlesubtype="book_chapter"
 xml:id="carlin_2003">
 <author>
  <name>
   <surname>Carlin</surname>
     (<forename>Claire</forename>)</name>
 </author>,
<title level="a">The Staging of Impotence : France’s last
   congrès</title> dans
<bibl type="monogr">
  <title level="m">Theatrum mundi : studies in honor of Ronald W.
     Tobin</title>, éd.
 <editor>
   <name>
    <forename>Claire</forename>
    <surname>Carlin</surname>
   </name>
  </editor> et
 <editor>
   <name>
    <forename>Kathleen</forename>
    <surname>Wine</surname>
   </name>
  </editor>,
 <pubPlace>Charlottesville, Va.</pubPlace>,
 <publisher>Rookwood Press</publisher>,
 <date when="2003">2003</date>.
 </bibl>
</bibl>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.highlighted"/>
  <classRef key="model.pPart.data"/>
  <classRef key="model.pPart.edit"/>
  <classRef key="model.segLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.biblPart"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element bibl
{
   (
      text
    | model.gLike
    | model.highlightedmodel.pPart.datamodel.pPart.editmodel.segLikemodel.ptrLikemodel.biblPartmodel.global
   )*
}

<biblScope>

<biblScope> (scope of bibliographic reference) defines the scope of a bibliographic reference, for example as a list of page numbers, or a named subdivision of a larger work. [3.12.2.5. Scopes and Ranges in Bibliographic Citations]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

When a single page is being cited, use the from and to attributes with an identical value. When no clear endpoint is provided, the from attribute may be used without to; for example a citation such as ‘p. 3ff’ might be encoded <biblScope from="3">p. 3ff</biblScope>.

It is now considered good practice to supply this element as a sibling (rather than a child) of <imprint>, since it supplies information which does not constitute part of the imprint.

Example
<biblScope>pp 12–34</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="pagefrom="12to="34"/>
<biblScope unit="volume">II</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page">12</biblScope>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element biblScope { macro.phraseSeq }

<biblStruct>

<biblStruct> (structured bibliographic citation) contains a structured bibliographic citation, in which only bibliographic sub-elements appear and in a specified order. [3.12.1. Methods of Encoding Bibliographic References and Lists of References 2.2.7. The Source Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
linking: seg standOff
msdescription: msItem
namesdates: person persona
textstructure: body div
May contain
Example
<biblStruct>
 <monogr>
  <author>Blain, Virginia</author>
  <author>Clements, Patricia</author>
  <author>Grundy, Isobel</author>
  <title>The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: women writers from the middle ages
     to the present</title>
  <edition>first edition</edition>
  <imprint>
   <publisher>Yale University Press</publisher>
   <pubPlace>New Haven and London</pubPlace>
   <date>1990</date>
  </imprint>
 </monogr>
</biblStruct>
Example
<biblStruct type="newspaper">
 <analytic>
  <author>
   <forename>David</forename>
   <surname>Barstow</surname>
  </author>
  <author>
   <forename>Susanne</forename>
   <surname>Craig</surname>
  </author>
  <author>
   <forename>Russ</forename>
   <surname>Buettner</surname>
  </author>
  <title type="main">Trump Took Part in Suspect Schemes to Evade Tax Bills</title>
  <title type="sub">Behind the Myth of a Self-Made Billionaire, a Vast Inheritance From His Father</title>
 </analytic>
 <monogr>
  <title level="j">The New York Times</title>
  <imprint>
   <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
   <publisher>A. G. Sulzberger</publisher>
   <date when="2018-10-03">Wednesday, October 3, 2018</date>
  </imprint>
  <biblScope unit="volume">CLXVIII</biblScope>
  <biblScope unit="issue">58,104</biblScope>
  <biblScope unit="page">1</biblScope>
 </monogr>
</biblStruct>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="analytic" minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="monogr"/>
   <elementRef key="series" minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.noteLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
   <elementRef key="relatedItem"/>
   <elementRef key="citedRange"/>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element biblStruct
{
   analytic*,
   ( ( monogr, series* )+ ),
   ( model.noteLike | model.ptrLike | relatedItem | citedRange )*
}

<body>

<body> (text body) contains the whole body of a single unitary text, excluding any front or back matter. [4. Default Text Structure]
Module textstructure
Attributes
Contained by
textstructure: text
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: listPerson
textstructure: div
Example
<body>
 <l>Nu scylun hergan hefaenricaes uard</l>
 <l>metudæs maecti end his modgidanc</l>
 <l>uerc uuldurfadur sue he uundra gihuaes</l>
 <l>eci dryctin or astelidæ</l>
 <l>he aerist scop aelda barnum</l>
 <l>heben til hrofe haleg scepen.</l>
 <l>tha middungeard moncynnæs uard</l>
 <l>eci dryctin æfter tiadæ</l>
 <l>firum foldu frea allmectig</l>
 <trailer>primo cantauit Cædmon istud carmen.</trailer>
</body>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <classRef key="model.global"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence minOccurs="0">
   <classRef key="model.divTop"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.global"/>
    <classRef key="model.divTop"/>
   </alternate>
  </sequence>
  <sequence minOccurs="0">
   <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.global"/>
    <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
   </alternate>
  </sequence>
  <alternate>
   <sequence minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.divLike"/>
    <alternate minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <classRef key="model.global"/>
     <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
    </alternate>
   </sequence>
   <sequence minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.div1Like"/>
    <alternate minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <classRef key="model.global"/>
     <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
    </alternate>
   </sequence>
   <sequence>
    <sequence minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <alternate minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
      <elementRef key="schemaSpec"/>
      <classRef key="model.common"/>
     </alternate>
     <classRef key="model.global"
      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </sequence>
    <alternate minOccurs="0">
     <sequence minOccurs="1"
      maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <classRef key="model.divLike"/>
      <alternate minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <classRef key="model.global"/>
       <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
      </alternate>
     </sequence>
     <sequence minOccurs="1"
      maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <classRef key="model.div1Like"/>
      <alternate minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <classRef key="model.global"/>
       <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
      </alternate>
     </sequence>
    </alternate>
   </sequence>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divBottom"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element body
{
   model.global*,
   ( ( model.divTop, ( model.global | model.divTop )* )? ),
   ( ( model.divGenLike, ( model.global | model.divGenLike )* )? ),
   (
      ( ( model.divLike, ( model.global | model.divGenLike )* )+ )
    | ( ( model.div1Like, ( model.global | model.divGenLike )* )+ )
    | (
         ( ( ( schemaSpec | model.common ), model.global* )+ ),
         (
            ( ( model.divLike, ( model.global | model.divGenLike )* )+ )
          | ( ( model.div1Like, ( model.global | model.divGenLike )* )+ )
         )?
      )
   ),
   ( ( model.divBottom, model.global* )* )
}

<cit>

<cit> (cited quotation) contains a quotation from some other document, together with a bibliographic reference to its source. In a dictionary it may contain an example text with at least one occurrence of the word form, used in the sense being described, or a translation of the headword, or an example. [3.3.3. Quotation 4.3.1. Grouped Texts 10.3.5.1. Examples]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
msdescription: msDesc
Example
<cit>
 <quote>and the breath of the whale is frequently attended with such an insupportable smell,
   as to bring on disorder of the brain.</quote>
 <bibl>Ulloa's South America</bibl>
</cit>
Example
<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>horrifier</orth>
 </form>
 <cit type="translationxml:lang="en">
  <quote>to horrify</quote>
 </cit>
 <cit type="example">
  <quote>elle était horrifiée par la dépense</quote>
  <cit type="translationxml:lang="en">
   <quote>she was horrified at the expense.</quote>
  </cit>
 </cit>
</entry>
Example
<cit type="example">
 <quote xml:lang="mix">Ka'an yu tsa'a Pedro.</quote>
 <media url="soundfiles-gen:S_speak_1s_on_behalf_of_Pedro_01_02_03_TS.wav"
  mimeType="audio/wav"/>
 <cit type="translation">
  <quote xml:lang="en">I'm speaking on behalf of Pedro.</quote>
 </cit>
 <cit type="translation">
  <quote xml:lang="es">Estoy hablando de parte de Pedro.</quote>
 </cit>
</cit>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.biblLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.egLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.entryPart"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
  <classRef key="model.graphicLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.attributable"/>
  <elementRef key="pc"/>
  <elementRef key="q"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element cit
{
   (
      model.biblLike
    | model.egLike
    | model.entryPart
    | model.global
    | model.graphicLike
    | model.ptrLikemodel.attributable
    | pc
    | q
   )+
}

<citedRange>

<citedRange> (cited range) defines the range of cited content, often represented by pages or other units. [3.12.2.5. Scopes and Ranges in Bibliographic Citations]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

When a single page is being cited, use the from and to attributes with an identical value. When no clear endpoint is provided, the from attribute may be used without to; for example a citation such as ‘p. 3ff’ might be encoded <citedRange from="3">p. 3ff</citedRange>.

Example
<citedRange>pp 12–13</citedRange>
<citedRange unit="pagefrom="12to="13"/>
<citedRange unit="volume">II</citedRange>
<citedRange unit="page">12</citedRange>
Example
<bibl>
 <ptr target="#mueller01"/>, <citedRange target="http://example.com/mueller3.xml#page4">vol. 3, pp.
   4-5</citedRange>
</bibl>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element citedRange { macro.phraseSeq }

<correction>

<correction> (correction principles) states how and under what circumstances corrections have been made in the text. [2.3.3. The Editorial Practices Declaration 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module header
Attributes
status indicates the degree of correction applied to the text.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
high
the text has been thoroughly checked and proofread.
medium
the text has been checked at least once.
low
the text has not been checked.
unknown
the correction status of the text is unknown.
method indicates the method adopted to indicate corrections within the text.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
silent
corrections have been made silently[Default]
markup
corrections have been represented using markup
Member of
Contained by
May contain
core: p
Note

May be used to note the results of proof reading the text against its original, indicating (for example) whether discrepancies have been silently rectified, or recorded using the editorial tags described in section 3.5. Simple Editorial Changes.

Example
<correction>
 <p>Errors in transcription controlled by using the WordPerfect spelling checker, with a user
   defined dictionary of 500 extra words taken from Chambers Twentieth Century
   Dictionary.</p>
</correction>
Content model
<content>
 <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element correction
{
   attribute status { "high" | "medium" | "low" | "unknown" }?,
   attribute method { "silent" | "markup" }?,
   model.pLike+
}

<date>

<date> (date) contains a date in any format. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc. 2.6. The Revision Description 3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information 16.2.3. The Setting Description 14.4. Dates]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example
<date when="1980-02">early February 1980</date>
Example
Given on the <date when="1977-06-12">Twelfth Day
 of June in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Nine Hundred and Seventy-seven of the Republic
 the Two Hundredth and first and of the University the Eighty-Sixth.</date>
Example
<date when="1990-09">September 1990</date>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.phrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element date { ( text | model.gLike | model.phrase | model.global )* }

<desc>

<desc> (description) contains a short description of the purpose, function, or use of its parent element, or when the parent is a documentation element, describes or defines the object being documented. [23.4.1. Description of Components]
Module core
Attributes
type characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology.
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
deprecationInfo
(deprecation information) This element describes why or how its parent element is being deprecated, typically including recommendations for alternate encoding.
<dataSpec module="tei"
 ident="teidata.point"
 validUntil="2050-02-25">
 <desc type="deprecationInfo"
  versionDate="2018-09-14"
  xml:lang="en">Several standards bodies, including NIST in the USA,
   strongly recommend against ending the representation of a number
   with a decimal point. So instead of <q>3.</q> use either <q>3</q>
   or <q>3.0</q>.</desc>
<!-- ... -->
</dataSpec>
Member of
Contained by
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: licence
linking: seg
namesdates: listPerson
textstructure: body div
May contain
header: idno
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

When used in a specification element such as <elementSpec>, TEI convention requires that this be expressed as a finite clause, begining with an active verb.

Example Example of a <desc> element inside a documentation element.
<dataSpec module="tei"
 ident="teidata.point">
 <desc versionDate="2010-10-17"
  xml:lang="en">defines the data type used to express a point in cartesian space.</desc>
 <content>
  <dataRef name="token"
   restriction="(-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?,-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)"/>
 </content>
<!-- ... -->
</dataSpec>
Example Example of a <desc> element in a non-documentation element.
<place xml:id="KERG2">
 <placeName>Kerguelen Islands</placeName>
<!-- ... -->
 <terrain>
  <desc>antarctic tundra</desc>
 </terrain>
<!-- ... -->
</place>
Schematron A <desc> with a type of deprecationInfo should only occur when its parent element is being deprecated. Furthermore, it should always occur in an element that is being deprecated when <desc> is a valid child of that element.
<sch:rule context="tei:desc[ @type eq 'deprecationInfo']">
<sch:assert test="../@validUntil">Information about a
 deprecation should only be present in a specification element
 that is being deprecated: that is, only an element that has a
 @validUntil attribute should have a child <desc
 type="deprecationInfo">.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.limitedContent"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element desc
{
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute type { "deprecationInfo" }?,
   macro.limitedContent
}

<div>

<div> (text division) contains a subdivision of the front, body, or back of a text. [4.1. Divisions of the Body]
Module textstructure
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
textstructure: body div
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: listPerson
textstructure: div
Example
<body>
 <div type="part">
  <head>Fallacies of Authority</head>
  <p>The subject of which is Authority in various shapes, and the object, to repress all
     exercise of the reasoning faculty.</p>
  <div n="1type="chapter">
   <head>The Nature of Authority</head>
   <p>With reference to any proposed measures having for their object the greatest
       happiness of the greatest number [...]</p>
   <div n="1.1type="section">
    <head>Analysis of Authority</head>
    <p>What on any given occasion is the legitimate weight or influence to be attached to
         authority [...] </p>
   </div>
   <div n="1.2type="section">
    <head>Appeal to Authority, in What Cases Fallacious.</head>
    <p>Reference to authority is open to the charge of fallacy when [...] </p>
   </div>
  </div>
 </div>
</body>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:l//tei:div">
<sch:assert test="ancestor::tei:floatingText"> Abstract model violation: Metrical lines may not contain higher-level structural elements such as div, unless div is a descendant of floatingText.
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:div">
<sch:report test="(ancestor::tei:p or ancestor::tei:ab) and not(ancestor::tei:floatingText)"> Abstract model violation: p and ab may not contain higher-level structural elements such as div, unless div is a descendant of floatingText.
</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divTop"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="0">
   <alternate>
    <sequence minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <alternate>
      <classRef key="model.divLike"/>
      <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
     </alternate>
     <classRef key="model.global"
      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </sequence>
    <sequence>
     <sequence minOccurs="1"
      maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <alternate minOccurs="1"
       maxOccurs="1">
       <elementRef key="schemaSpec"/>
       <classRef key="model.common"/>
      </alternate>
      <classRef key="model.global"
       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
     </sequence>
     <sequence minOccurs="0"
      maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <alternate>
       <classRef key="model.divLike"/>
       <classRef key="model.divGenLike"/>
      </alternate>
      <classRef key="model.global"
       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
     </sequence>
    </sequence>
   </alternate>
   <sequence minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.divBottom"/>
    <classRef key="model.global"
     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   </sequence>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element div
{
   ( model.divTop | model.global )*,
   (
      (
         (
            ( ( ( model.divLike | model.divGenLike ), model.global* )+ )
          | (
               ( ( ( schemaSpec | model.common ), model.global* )+ ),
               ( ( ( model.divLike | model.divGenLike ), model.global* )* )
            )
         ),
         ( ( model.divBottom, model.global* )* )
      )?
   )
}

<editor>

<editor> contains a secondary statement of responsibility for a bibliographic item, for example the name of an individual, institution or organization, (or of several such) acting as editor, compiler, translator, etc. [3.12.2.2. Titles, Authors, and Editors]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: bibl monogr
header: titleStmt
msdescription: msItem
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

A consistent format should be adopted.

Particularly where cataloguing is likely to be based on the content of the header, it is advisable to use generally recognized authority lists for the exact form of personal names.

Example
<editor role="Technical_Editor">Ron Van den Branden</editor>
<editor role="Editor-in-Chief">John Walsh</editor>
<editor role="Managing_Editor">Anne Baillot</editor>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element editor { macro.phraseSeq }

<editorialDecl>

<editorialDecl> (editorial practice declaration) provides details of editorial principles and practices applied during the encoding of a text. [2.3.3. The Editorial Practices Declaration 2.3. The Encoding Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module header
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: encodingDesc
May contain
core: p
header: correction
Example
<editorialDecl>
 <normalization>
  <p>All words converted to Modern American spelling using
     Websters 9th Collegiate dictionary
  </p>
 </normalization>
 <quotation marks="all">
  <p>All opening quotation marks converted to “ all closing
     quotation marks converted to &amp;cdq;.</p>
 </quotation>
</editorialDecl>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.pLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.editorialDeclPart"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element editorialDecl { ( model.pLike | model.editorialDeclPart )+ }

<encodingDesc>

<encodingDesc> (encoding description) documents the relationship between an electronic text and the source or sources from which it was derived. [2.3. The Encoding Description 2.1.1. The TEI Header and Its Components]
Module header
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: teiHeader
May contain
Example
<encodingDesc>
 <p>Basic encoding, capturing lexical information only. All
   hyphenation, punctuation, and variant spellings normalized. No
   formatting or layout information preserved.</p>
</encodingDesc>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.encodingDescPart"/>
  <classRef key="model.pLike"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element encodingDesc { ( model.encodingDescPart | model.pLike )+ }

<fileDesc>

<fileDesc> (file description) contains a full bibliographic description of an electronic file. [2.2. The File Description 2.1.1. The TEI Header and Its Components]
Module header
Attributes
Contained by
header: teiHeader
May contain
Note

The major source of information for those seeking to create a catalogue entry or bibliographic citation for an electronic file. As such, it provides a title and statements of responsibility together with details of the publication or distribution of the file, of any series to which it belongs, and detailed bibliographic notes for matters not addressed elsewhere in the header. It also contains a full bibliographic description for the source or sources from which the electronic text was derived.

Example
<fileDesc>
 <titleStmt>
  <title>The shortest possible TEI document</title>
 </titleStmt>
 <publicationStmt>
  <p>Distributed as part of TEI P5</p>
 </publicationStmt>
 <sourceDesc>
  <p>No print source exists: this is an original digital text</p>
 </sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <sequence>
   <elementRef key="titleStmt"/>
   <elementRef key="editionStmt"
    minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="extent" minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="publicationStmt"/>
   <elementRef key="seriesStmt"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   <elementRef key="notesStmt"
    minOccurs="0"/>
  </sequence>
  <elementRef key="sourceDesc"
   minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element fileDesc
{
   (
      titleStmt,
      editionStmt?,
      extent?,
      publicationStmt,
      seriesStmt*,
      notesStmt?
   ),
   sourceDesc+
}

<foreign>

<foreign> (foreign) identifies a word or phrase as belonging to some language other than that of the surrounding text. [3.3.2.1. Foreign Words or Expressions]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

The global xml:lang attribute should be supplied for this element to identify the language of the word or phrase marked. As elsewhere, its value should be a language tag as defined in 6.1. Language Identification.

This element is intended for use only where no other element is available to mark the phrase or words concerned. The global xml:lang attribute should be used in preference to this element where it is intended to mark the language of the whole of some text element.

The <distinct> element may be used to identify phrases belonging to sublanguages or registers not generally regarded as true languages.

Example
This is
 heathen Greek to you still? Your <foreign xml:lang="la">lapis
 philosophicus</foreign>?
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element foreign { macro.phraseSeq }

<gap>

<gap> (gap) indicates a point where material has been omitted in a transcription, whether for editorial reasons described in the TEI header, as part of sampling practice, or because the material is illegible, invisible, or inaudible. [3.5.3. Additions, Deletions, and Omissions]
Module core
Attributes
reason (reason) gives the reason for omission.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
Suggested values include:
cancelled
(cancelled)
deleted
(deleted)
editorial
(editorial) for features omitted from transcription due to editorial policy
illegible
(illegible)
inaudible
(inaudible)
irrelevant
(irrelevant)
sampling
(sampling)
agent (agent) in the case of text omitted because of damage, categorizes the cause of the damage, if it can be identified.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
rubbing
(rubbing) damage results from rubbing of the leaf edges
mildew
(mildew) damage results from mildew on the leaf surface
smoke
(smoke) damage results from smoke
Member of
Contained by
May contain
core: desc
Note

The <gap>, <unclear>, and <del> core tag elements may be closely allied in use with the <damage> and <supplied> elements, available when using the additional tagset for transcription of primary sources. See section 12.3.3.2. Use of the gap, del, damage, unclear, and supplied Elements in Combination for discussion of which element is appropriate for which circumstance.

The <gap> tag simply signals the editors decision to omit or inability to transcribe a span of text. Other information, such as the interpretation that text was deliberately erased or covered, should be indicated using the relevant tags, such as <del> in the case of deliberate deletion.

Example
<gap quantity="4unit="chars"
 reason="illegible"/>
Example
<gap quantity="1unit="essay"
 reason="sampling"/>
Example
<del>
 <gap atLeast="4atMost="8unit="chars"
  reason="illegible"/>
</del>
Example
<gap extent="several linesreason="lost"/>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.descLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.certLike"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element gap
{
   attribute reason
   {
      list
      {
         (
            "cancelled"
          | "deleted"
          | "editorial"
          | "illegible"
          | "inaudible"
          | "irrelevant"
          | "sampling"
         )+
      }
   }?,
   attribute agent { text }?,
   ( model.descLike | model.certLike )*
}
<head> (heading) contains any type of heading, for example the title of a section, or the heading of a list, glossary, manuscript description, etc. [4.2.1. Headings and Trailers]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: lg list
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: listPerson
textstructure: body div
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

The <head> element is used for headings at all levels; software which treats (e.g.) chapter headings, section headings, and list titles differently must determine the proper processing of a <head> element based on its structural position. A <head> occurring as the first element of a list is the title of that list; one occurring as the first element of a <div1> is the title of that chapter or section.

Example The most common use for the <head> element is to mark the headings of sections. In older writings, the headings or incipits may be rather longer than usual in modern works. If a section has an explicit ending as well as a heading, it should be marked as a <trailer>, as in this example:
<div1 n="Itype="book">
 <head>In the name of Christ here begins the first book of the ecclesiastical history of
   Georgius Florentinus, known as Gregory, Bishop of Tours.</head>
 <div2 type="section">
  <head>In the name of Christ here begins Book I of the history.</head>
  <p>Proposing as I do ...</p>
  <p>From the Passion of our Lord until the death of Saint Martin four hundred and twelve
     years passed.</p>
  <trailer>Here ends the first Book, which covers five thousand, five hundred and ninety-six
     years from the beginning of the world down to the death of Saint Martin.</trailer>
 </div2>
</div1>
Example When headings are not inline with the running text (see e.g. the heading "Secunda conclusio") they might however be encoded as if. The actual placement in the source document can be captured with the place attribute.
<div type="subsection">
 <head place="margin">Secunda conclusio</head>
 <p>
  <lb n="1251"/>
  <hi rend="large">Potencia: habitus: et actus: recipiunt speciem ab obiectis<supplied>.</supplied>
  </hi>
  <lb n="1252"/>Probatur sic. Omne importans necessariam habitudinem ad proprium
   [...]
 </p>
</div>
Example The <head> element is also used to mark headings of other units, such as lists:
With a few exceptions, connectives are equally
 useful in all kinds of discourse: description, narration, exposition, argument. <list rend="bulleted">
 <head>Connectives</head>
 <item>above</item>
 <item>accordingly</item>
 <item>across from</item>
 <item>adjacent to</item>
 <item>again</item>
 <item>
<!-- ... -->
 </item>
</list>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <elementRef key="lg"/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.phrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.inter"/>
  <classRef key="model.lLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element head
{
   (
      text
    | lg
    | model.gLike
    | model.phrasemodel.intermodel.lLikemodel.global
   )*
}

<idno>

<idno> (identifier) supplies any form of identifier used to identify some object, such as a bibliographic item, a person, a title, an organization, etc. in a standardized way. [14.3.1. Basic Principles 2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc. 2.2.5. The Series Statement 3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information]
Module header
Attributes
type categorizes the identifier, for example as an ISBN, Social Security number, etc.
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
ISBN
International Standard Book Number: a 13- or (if assigned prior to 2007) 10-digit identifying number assigned by the publishing industry to a published book or similar item, registered with the International ISBN Agency.
ISSN
International Standard Serial Number: an eight-digit number to uniquely identify a serial publication.
DOI
Digital Object Identifier: a unique string of letters and numbers assigned to an electronic document.
URI
Uniform Resource Identifier: a string of characters to uniquely identify a resource, following the syntax of RFC 3986.
VIAF
A data number in the Virtual Internet Authority File assigned to link different names in catalogs around the world for the same entity.
ESTC
English Short-Title Catalogue number: an identifying number assigned to a document in English printed in the British Isles or North America before 1801.
OCLC
OCLC control number (record number) for the union catalog record in WorldCat, a union catalog for member libraries in the Online Computer Library Center global cooperative.
Member of
Contained by
May contain
header: idno
character data
Note

<idno> should be used for labels which identify an object or concept in a formal cataloguing system such as a database or an RDF store, or in a distributed system such as the World Wide Web. Some suggested values for type on <idno> are ISBN, ISSN, DOI, and URI.

Example
<idno type="ISBN">978-1-906964-22-1</idno>
<idno type="ISSN">0143-3385</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1000/123</idno>
<idno type="URI">http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185922478</idno>
<idno type="URI">http://authority.nzetc.org/463/</idno>
<idno type="LT">Thomason Tract E.537(17)</idno>
<idno type="Wing">C695</idno>
<idno type="oldCat">
 <g ref="#sym"/>345
</idno>
In the last case, the identifier includes a non-Unicode character which is defined elsewhere by means of a <glyph> or <char> element referenced here as #sym.
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <elementRef key="idno"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element idno
{
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute type
   {
      "ISBN" | "ISSN" | "DOI" | "URI" | "VIAF" | "ESTC" | "OCLC"
   }?,
   ( text | model.gLike | idno )*
}

<imprint>

<imprint> groups information relating to the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item. [3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information]
Module core
Attributes
Contained by
core: monogr
May contain
Example
<imprint>
 <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace>
 <publisher>Clarendon Press</publisher>
 <date>1987</date>
</imprint>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="classCode"/>
   <elementRef key="catRef"/>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <alternate>
    <classRef key="model.imprintPart"/>
    <classRef key="model.dateLike"/>
   </alternate>
   <elementRef key="respStmt" minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element imprint
{
   ( classCode | catRef )*,
   ( ( ( model.imprintPart | model.dateLike ), respStmt*, model.global* )+ )
}

<institution>

<institution> (institution) contains the name of an organization such as a university or library, with which a manuscript or other object is identified, generally its holding institution. [11.4. The Manuscript Identifier]
Module msdescription
Attributes
Contained by
msdescription: msIdentifier
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example
<msIdentifier>
 <settlement>Oxford</settlement>
 <institution>University of Oxford</institution>
 <repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
 <idno>MS. Bodley 406</idno>
</msIdentifier>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq.limited"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element institution { macro.phraseSeq.limited }

<interp>

<interp> (interpretation) summarizes a specific interpretative annotation which can be linked to a span of text. [18.3. Spans and Interpretations]
Module analysis
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
core: desc
character data
Note

Generally, each <interp> element carries an xml:id attribute. This permits the encoder to explicitly associate the interpretation represented by the content of an <interp> with any textual element through its ana attribute.

Alternatively (or, in addition) an <interp> may carry an inst attribute that points to one or more textual elements to which the analysis represented by the content of the <interp> applies.

Example
<interp type="structuralunit"
 xml:id="ana_am">aftermath</interp>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.descLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.certLike"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element interp { ( text | model.gLike | model.descLike | model.certLike )* }

<interpGrp>

<interpGrp> (interpretation group) collects together a set of related interpretations which share responsibility or type. [18.3. Spans and Interpretations]
Module analysis
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp
core: desc
Note

Any number of <interp> elements.

Example
<interpGrp resp="#TMA"
 type="structuralunit">
 <desc>basic structural organization</desc>
 <interp xml:id="I1">introduction</interp>
 <interp xml:id="I2">conflict</interp>
 <interp xml:id="I3">climax</interp>
 <interp xml:id="I4">revenge</interp>
 <interp xml:id="I5">reconciliation</interp>
 <interp xml:id="I6">aftermath</interp>
</interpGrp>
<bibl xml:id="TMA">
<!-- bibliographic citation for source of this
interpretive framework -->
</bibl>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <classRef key="model.descLike"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <elementRef key="interp" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element interpGrp { model.descLike*, interp+ }

<item>

<item> (item) contains one component of a list. [3.8. Lists 2.6. The Revision Description]
Module core
Attributes
type characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology.
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
premise
a proposition that supports the conclusion of an argument.
rule
(inference rule) a way of drawing a conclusion from a set of premises.
conclusion
the claim of an argument, following from its premises and rule application.
Contained by
core: list
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

May contain simple prose or a sequence of chunks.

Whatever string of characters is used to label a list item in the copy text may be used as the value of the global n attribute, but it is not required that numbering be recorded explicitly. In ordered lists, the n attribute on the <item> element is by definition synonymous with the use of the <label> element to record the enumerator of the list item. In glossary lists, however, the term being defined should be given with the <label> element, not n.

Example
<list rend="numbered">
 <head>Here begin the chapter headings of Book IV</head>
 <item n="4.1">The death of Queen Clotild.</item>
 <item n="4.2">How King Lothar wanted to appropriate one third of the Church revenues.</item>
 <item n="4.3">The wives and children of Lothar.</item>
 <item n="4.4">The Counts of the Bretons.</item>
 <item n="4.5">Saint Gall the Bishop.</item>
 <item n="4.6">The priest Cato.</item>
 <item> ...</item>
</list>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element item
{
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute type { "premise" | "rule" | "conclusion" }?,
   macro.specialPara
}

<l>

<l> (verse line) contains a single, possibly incomplete, line of verse. [3.13.1. Core Tags for Verse 3.13. Passages of Verse or Drama 7.2.5. Speech Contents]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: licence
linking: seg
textstructure: body div
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Example
<l met="x/x/x/x/x/real="/xx/x/x/x/">Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?</l>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:l">
<sch:report test="ancestor::tei:l[not(.//tei:note//tei:l[. = current()])]">Abstract model violation: Lines may not contain lines or lg elements.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.phrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.inter"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element l
{
   ( text | model.gLike | model.phrase | model.inter | model.global )*
}

<label>

<label> (label) contains any label or heading used to identify part of a text, typically but not exclusively in a list or glossary. [3.8. Lists]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: licence
linking: seg
textstructure: body div
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example Labels are commonly used for the headwords in glossary lists; note the use of the global xml:lang attribute to set the default language of the glossary list to Middle English, and identify the glosses and headings as modern English or Latin:
<list type="glossxml:lang="enm">
 <head xml:lang="en">Vocabulary</head>
 <headLabel xml:lang="en">Middle English</headLabel>
 <headItem xml:lang="en">New English</headItem>
 <label>nu</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">now</item>
 <label>lhude</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">loudly</item>
 <label>bloweth</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">blooms</item>
 <label>med</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">meadow</item>
 <label>wude</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">wood</item>
 <label>awe</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">ewe</item>
 <label>lhouth</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">lows</item>
 <label>sterteth</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">bounds, frisks (cf. <cit>
   <ref>Chaucer, K.T.644</ref>
   <quote>a courser, <term>sterting</term>as the fyr</quote>
  </cit>
 </item>
 <label>verteth</label>
 <item xml:lang="la">pedit</item>
 <label>murie</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">merrily</item>
 <label>swik</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">cease</item>
 <label>naver</label>
 <item xml:lang="en">never</item>
</list>
Example Labels may also be used to record explicitly the numbers or letters which mark list items in ordered lists, as in this extract from Gibbon's Autobiography. In this usage the <label> element is synonymous with the n attribute on the <item> element:
I will add two facts, which have seldom occurred
 in the composition of six, or at least of five quartos. <list rend="runontype="ordered">
 <label>(1)</label>
 <item>My first rough manuscript, without any intermediate copy, has been sent to the press.</item>
 <label>(2) </label>
 <item>Not a sheet has been seen by any human eyes, excepting those of the author and the
   printer: the faults and the merits are exclusively my own.</item>
</list>
Example Labels may also be used for other structured list items, as in this extract from the journal of Edward Gibbon:
<list type="gloss">
 <label>March 1757.</label>
 <item>I wrote some critical observations upon Plautus.</item>
 <label>March 8th.</label>
 <item>I wrote a long dissertation upon some lines of Virgil.</item>
 <label>June.</label>
 <item>I saw Mademoiselle Curchod — <quote xml:lang="la">Omnia vincit amor, et nos cedamus
     amori.</quote>
 </item>
 <label>August.</label>
 <item>I went to Crassy, and staid two days.</item>
</list>
Note that the <label> might also appear within the <item> rather than as its sibling. Though syntactically valid, this usage is not recommended TEI practice.
Example Labels may also be used to represent a label or heading attached to a paragraph or sequence of paragraphs not treated as a structural division, or to a group of verse lines. Note that, in this case, the <label> element appears within the <p> or <lg> element, rather than as a preceding sibling of it.
<p>[...]
<lb/>&amp; n’entrer en mauuais &amp; mal-heu-
<lb/>ré meſnage. Or des que le conſente-
<lb/>ment des parties y eſt le mariage eſt
<lb/> arreſté, quoy que de faict il ne ſoit
<label place="margin">Puiſſance maritale
   entre les Romains.</label>
 <lb/> conſommé. Depuis la conſomma-
<lb/>tion du mariage la femme eſt ſoubs
<lb/> la puiſſance du mary, s’il n’eſt eſcla-
<lb/>ue ou enfant de famille : car en ce
<lb/> cas, la femme, qui a eſpouſé vn en-
<lb/>fant de famille, eſt ſous la puiſſance
 [...]</p>
In this example the text of the label appears in the right hand margin of the original source, next to the paragraph it describes, but approximately in the middle of it. If so desired the type attribute may be used to distinguish different categories of label.
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element label { macro.phraseSeq }

<lg>

<lg> (line group) contains one or more verse lines functioning as a formal unit, e.g. a stanza, refrain, verse paragraph, etc. [3.13.1. Core Tags for Verse 3.13. Passages of Verse or Drama 7.2.5. Speech Contents]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: licence
linking: seg
textstructure: body div
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
Note

contains verse lines or nested line groups only, possibly prefixed by a heading.

Example
<lg type="free">
 <l>Let me be my own fool</l>
 <l>of my own making, the sum of it</l>
</lg>
<lg type="free">
 <l>is equivocal.</l>
 <l>One says of the drunken farmer:</l>
</lg>
<lg type="free">
 <l>leave him lay off it. And this is</l>
 <l>the explanation.</l>
</lg>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:lg">
<sch:assert test="count(descendant::tei:lg|descendant::tei:l|descendant::tei:gap) > 
 0">An lg element must contain at least one child l, lg, or gap element.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:lg">
<sch:report test="ancestor::tei:l[not(.//tei:note//tei:lg[. = current()])]">Abstract model violation: Lines may not contain line groups.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divTop"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
  </alternate>
  <alternate>
   <classRef key="model.lLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.stageLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.labelLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.pPart.transcriptional"/>
   <elementRef key="lg"/>
  </alternate>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.lLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.stageLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.labelLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.pPart.transcriptional"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
   <elementRef key="lg"/>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divBottom"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element lg
{
   ( model.divTop | model.global )*,
   (
      model.lLike
    | model.stageLike
    | model.labelLike
    | model.pPart.transcriptional
    | lg
   ),
   (
      model.lLike
    | model.stageLike
    | model.labelLike
    | model.pPart.transcriptional
    | model.globallg
   )*,
   ( ( model.divBottom, model.global* )* )
}

<licence>

<licence> contains information about a licence or other legal agreement applicable to the text. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module header
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: availability
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

A <licence> element should be supplied for each licence agreement applicable to the text in question. The target attribute may be used to reference a full version of the licence. The when, notBefore, notAfter, from or to attributes may be used in combination to indicate the date or dates of applicability of the licence.

Example
<licence target="http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-NZETC-Help.html#licensing"> Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 New Zealand Licence
</licence>
Example
<availability>
 <licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"
  notBefore="2013-01-01">
  <p>The Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) Licence
     applies to this document.</p>
  <p>The licence was added on January 1, 2013.</p>
 </licence>
</availability>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element licence { macro.specialPara }

<list>

<list> (list) contains any sequence of items organized as a list. [3.8. Lists]
Module core
Attributes
type (type) describes the nature of the items in the list.
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include
gloss
(gloss) each list item glosses some term or concept, which is given by a <label> element preceding the list item.
index
(index) each list item is an entry in an index such as the alphabetical topical index at the back of a print volume.
instructions
(instructions) each list item is a step in a sequence of instructions, as in a recipe.
litany
(litany) each list item is one of a sequence of petitions, supplications or invocations, typically in a religious ritual.
syllogism
(syllogism) each list item is part of an argument consisting of two or more propositions and a final conclusion derived from them.
argument
each list item is part of an argument consisting of one or more premise, an inference rule, and a conclusion derived from the application of the rule to the premises.
Note

Previous versions of these Guidelines recommended the use of type on <list> to encode the rendering or appearance of a list (whether it was bulleted, numbered, etc.). The current recommendation is to use the rend or style attributes for these aspects of a list, while using type for the more appropriate task of characterizing the nature of the content of a list.

The formal syntax of the element declarations allows <label> tags to be omitted from lists tagged <list type="gloss">; this is however a semantic error.

Member of
Contained by
linking: seg standOff
textstructure: body div
May contain
Note

May contain an optional heading followed by a series of items, or a series of label and item pairs, the latter being optionally preceded by one or two specialized headings.

Example
<list rend="numbered">
 <item>a butcher</item>
 <item>a baker</item>
 <item>a candlestick maker, with
 <list rend="bulleted">
   <item>rings on his fingers</item>
   <item>bells on his toes</item>
  </list>
 </item>
</list>
Example
<list type="syllogismrend="bulleted">
 <item>All Cretans are liars.</item>
 <item>Epimenides is a Cretan.</item>
 <item>ERGO Epimenides is a liar.</item>
</list>
Example
<list type="litanyrend="simple">
 <item>God save us from drought.</item>
 <item>God save us from pestilence.</item>
 <item>God save us from wickedness in high places.</item>
 <item>Praise be to God.</item>
</list>
Example The following example treats the short numbered clauses of Anglo-Saxon legal codes as lists of items. The text is from an ordinance of King Athelstan (924–939):
<div1 type="section">
 <head>Athelstan's Ordinance</head>
 <list rend="numbered">
  <item n="1">Concerning thieves. First, that no thief is to be spared who is caught with
     the stolen goods, [if he is] over twelve years and [if the value of the goods is] over
     eightpence.
  <list rend="numbered">
    <item n="1.1">And if anyone does spare one, he is to pay for the thief with his
         wergild — and the thief is to be no nearer a settlement on that account — or to
         clear himself by an oath of that amount.</item>
    <item n="1.2">If, however, he [the thief] wishes to defend himself or to escape, he is
         not to be spared [whether younger or older than twelve].</item>
    <item n="1.3">If a thief is put into prison, he is to be in prison 40 days, and he may
         then be redeemed with 120 shillings; and the kindred are to stand surety for him
         that he will desist for ever.</item>
    <item n="1.4">And if he steals after that, they are to pay for him with his wergild,
         or to bring him back there.</item>
    <item n="1.5">And if he steals after that, they are to pay for him with his wergild,
         whether to the king or to him to whom it rightly belongs; and everyone of those who
         supported him is to pay 120 shillings to the king as a fine.</item>
   </list>
  </item>
  <item n="2">Concerning lordless men. And we pronounced about these lordless men, from whom
     no justice can be obtained, that one should order their kindred to fetch back such a
     person to justice and to find him a lord in public meeting.
  <list rend="numbered">
    <item n="2.1">And if they then will not, or cannot, produce him on that appointed day,
         he is then to be a fugitive afterwards, and he who encounters him is to strike him
         down as a thief.</item>
    <item n="2.2">And he who harbours him after that, is to pay for him with his wergild
         or to clear himself by an oath of that amount.</item>
   </list>
  </item>
  <item n="3">Concerning the refusal of justice. The lord who refuses justice and upholds
     his guilty man, so that the king is appealed to, is to repay the value of the goods and
     120 shillings to the king; and he who appeals to the king before he demands justice as
     often as he ought, is to pay the same fine as the other would have done, if he had
     refused him justice.
  <list rend="numbered">
    <item n="3.1">And the lord who is an accessory to a theft by his slave, and it becomes
         known about him, is to forfeit the slave and be liable to his wergild on the first
         occasionp if he does it more often, he is to be liable to pay all that he owns.</item>
    <item n="3.2">And likewise any of the king's treasurers or of our reeves, who has been
         an accessory of thieves who have committed theft, is to liable to the same.</item>
   </list>
  </item>
  <item n="4">Concerning treachery to a lord. And we have pronounced concerning treachery to
     a lord, that he [who is accused] is to forfeit his life if he cannot deny it or is
     afterwards convicted at the three-fold ordeal.</item>
 </list>
</div1>
Note that nested lists have been used so the tagging mirrors the structure indicated by the two-level numbering of the clauses. The clauses could have been treated as a one-level list with irregular numbering, if desired.
Example
<p>These decrees, most blessed Pope Hadrian, we propounded in the public council ... and they
 confirmed them in our hand in your stead with the sign of the Holy Cross, and afterwards
 inscribed with a careful pen on the paper of this page, affixing thus the sign of the Holy
 Cross.
<list rend="simple">
  <item>I, Eanbald, by the grace of God archbishop of the holy church of York, have
     subscribed to the pious and catholic validity of this document with the sign of the Holy
     Cross.</item>
  <item>I, Ælfwold, king of the people across the Humber, consenting have subscribed with
     the sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
  <item>I, Tilberht, prelate of the church of Hexham, rejoicing have subscribed with the
     sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
  <item>I, Higbald, bishop of the church of Lindisfarne, obeying have subscribed with the
     sign of the Holy Cross.</item>
  <item>I, Ethelbert, bishop of Candida Casa, suppliant, have subscribed with thef sign of
     the Holy Cross.</item>
  <item>I, Ealdwulf, bishop of the church of Mayo, have subscribed with devout will.</item>
  <item>I, Æthelwine, bishop, have subscribed through delegates.</item>
  <item>I, Sicga, patrician, have subscribed with serene mind with the sign of the Holy
     Cross.</item>
 </list>
</p>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:list[@type='gloss']">
<sch:assert test="tei:label">The content of a "gloss" list should include a sequence of one or more pairs of a label element followed by an item element</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divTop"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
   <elementRef key="desc" minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </alternate>
  <alternate minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
   <sequence minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <elementRef key="item"/>
    <classRef key="model.global"
     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   </sequence>
   <sequence minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
    <elementRef key="headLabel"
     minOccurs="0"/>
    <elementRef key="headItem"
     minOccurs="0"/>
    <sequence minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <elementRef key="label"/>
     <classRef key="model.global"
      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
     <elementRef key="item"/>
     <classRef key="model.global"
      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </sequence>
   </sequence>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.divBottom"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element list
{
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute type { text }?,
   (
      ( model.divTop | model.global | desc* )*,
      (
         ( ( item, model.global* )+ )
       | (
            headLabel?,
            headItem?,
            ( ( label, model.global*, item, model.global* )+ )
         )
      ),
      ( ( model.divBottom, model.global* )* )
   )
}

<listPerson>

<listPerson> (list of persons) contains a list of descriptions, each of which provides information about an identifiable person or a group of people, for example the participants in a language interaction, or the people referred to in a historical source. [14.3.2. The Person Element 16.2. Contextual Information 2.4. The Profile Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module namesdates
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
linking: seg standOff
namesdates: listPerson
textstructure: body div
May contain
core: desc head
namesdates: listPerson person
Note

The type attribute may be used to distinguish lists of people of a particular type if convenient.

Example
<listPerson type="respondents">
 <personGrp xml:id="PXXX"/>
 <person xml:id="P1234sex="2age="mid"/>
 <person xml:id="P4332sex="1age="mid"/>
 <listRelation>
  <relation type="personalname="spouse"
   mutual="#P1234 #P4332"/>
 </listRelation>
</listPerson>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <classRef key="model.headLike"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <elementRef key="desc" minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="relation" minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="1"/>
   <elementRef key="listRelation"
    minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
  </alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <alternate minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.personLike"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
    <elementRef key="listPerson"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
   </alternate>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <elementRef key="relation"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
    <elementRef key="listRelation"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
   </alternate>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element listPerson
{
   model.headLike*,
   desc*,
   ( relation | listRelation )*,
   ( ( ( model.personLike | listPerson )+, ( relation | listRelation )* )+ )
}

<locus>

<locus> (locus) defines a location within a manuscript, manuscript part, or other object typically as a (possibly discontinuous) sequence of folio references. [11.3.5. References to Locations within a Manuscript]
Module msdescription
Attributes
scheme (scheme) identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which the location is being specified by pointing to some <foliation> element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
from (from) specifies the starting point of the location in a normalized form, typically a page number.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.word
to (to) specifies the end-point of the location in a normalized form, typically as a page number.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.word
Member of
Contained by
May contain
msdescription: locus
character data
Note

The target attribute should only be used to point to elements that contain or indicate a transcription of the locus being described, as in the ‘Ben Jonson’ example.

To associate a <locus> element with a page image or other comparable representation, the global facs attribute should be used, as shown in the ‘Birds Praise of Love’ example. The facs attribute may be used to indicate one or more image files, as in that example, or alternatively it may point to one or more appropriate XML elements, such as the <surface>, <zone>, <graphic>, or <binaryObject> elements.

When a single page is being cited, use the from and to attributes with an identical value. When no clear endpoint is provided, the from attribute may be used without to; for example a citation such as ‘p. 3ff’ might be encoded <locus from="3">p. 3ff</locus>.

Example
<!-- within ms description --><msItem n="1">
 <locus target="#F1r #F1v #F2rfrom="1r"
  to="2r">ff. 1r-2r</locus>
 <author>Ben Jonson</author>
 <title>Ode to himself</title>
 <rubric rend="italics"> An Ode<lb/> to him selfe.</rubric>
 <incipit>Com leaue the loathed stage</incipit>
 <explicit>And see his chariot triumph ore his wayne.</explicit>
 <bibl>
  <name>Beal</name>, <title>Index 1450-1625</title>, JnB 380</bibl>
</msItem>
<!-- within transcription ... -->
<pb xml:id="F1r"/>
<!-- ... -->
<pb xml:id="F1v"/>
<!-- ... -->
<pb xml:id="F2r"/>
<!-- ... -->
Example The facs attribute is available globally when the transcr module is included in a schema. It may be used to point directly to an image file, as in the following example:
<msItem>
 <locus facs="images/08v.jpg images/09r.jpg images/09v.jpg images/10r.jpg images/10v.jpg">fols. 8v-10v</locus>
 <title>Birds Praise of Love</title>
 <bibl>
  <title>IMEV</title>
  <biblScope>1506</biblScope>
 </bibl>
</msItem>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <elementRef key="hi"/>
  <elementRef key="locus"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element locus
{
   attribute scheme { text }?,
   attribute from { text }?,
   attribute to { text }?,
   ( text | model.gLike | hi | locus )*
}

<mentioned>

<mentioned> marks words or phrases mentioned, not used. [3.3.3. Quotation]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example
There is thus a
 striking accentual difference between a verbal form like <mentioned xml:id="X234xml:lang="el">eluthemen</mentioned>
<gloss target="#X234">we were released,</gloss> accented on the second syllable of the
 word, and its participial derivative 
<mentioned xml:id="X235xml:lang="el">lutheis</mentioned>
<gloss target="#X235">released,</gloss> accented on the last.
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element mentioned { macro.phraseSeq }

<monogr>

<monogr> (monographic level) contains bibliographic elements describing an item (e.g. a book or journal) published as an independent item (i.e. as a separate physical object). [3.12.2.1. Analytic, Monographic, and Series Levels]
Module core
Attributes
Contained by
May contain
Note

May contain specialized bibliographic elements, in a prescribed order.

The <monogr> element may only occur only within a <biblStruct>, where its use is mandatory for the description of a monographic-level bibliographic item.

Example
<biblStruct>
 <analytic>
  <author>Chesnutt, David</author>
  <title>Historical Editions in the States</title>
 </analytic>
 <monogr>
  <title level="j">Computers and the Humanities</title>
  <imprint>
   <date when="1991-12">(December, 1991):</date>
  </imprint>
  <biblScope>25.6</biblScope>
  <biblScope unit="pagefrom="377to="380">377–380</biblScope>
 </monogr>
</biblStruct>
Example
<biblStruct type="book">
 <monogr>
  <author>
   <persName>
    <forename>Leo Joachim</forename>
    <surname>Frachtenberg</surname>
   </persName>
  </author>
  <title type="mainlevel="m">Lower Umpqua Texts</title>
  <imprint>
   <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
   <publisher>Columbia University Press</publisher>
   <date>1914</date>
  </imprint>
 </monogr>
 <series>
  <title type="mainlevel="s">Columbia University Contributions to
     Anthropology</title>
  <biblScope unit="volume">4</biblScope>
 </series>
</biblStruct>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0">
   <sequence>
    <alternate>
     <elementRef key="author"/>
     <elementRef key="editor"/>
     <elementRef key="meeting"/>
     <elementRef key="respStmt"/>
    </alternate>
    <alternate minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <elementRef key="author"/>
     <elementRef key="editor"/>
     <elementRef key="meeting"/>
     <elementRef key="respStmt"/>
    </alternate>
    <elementRef key="title" minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    <alternate minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
     <elementRef key="idno"/>
     <elementRef key="textLang"/>
     <elementRef key="editor"/>
     <elementRef key="respStmt"/>
    </alternate>
   </sequence>
   <sequence>
    <alternate minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <elementRef key="title"/>
     <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
     <elementRef key="idno"/>
    </alternate>
    <alternate minOccurs="0"
     maxOccurs="unbounded">
     <elementRef key="textLang"/>
     <elementRef key="author"/>
     <elementRef key="editor"/>
     <elementRef key="meeting"/>
     <elementRef key="respStmt"/>
    </alternate>
   </sequence>
   <sequence>
    <elementRef key="authority"/>
    <elementRef key="idno"/>
   </sequence>
  </alternate>
  <elementRef key="availability"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <classRef key="model.noteLike"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="edition"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <elementRef key="idno"/>
    <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
    <elementRef key="editor"/>
    <elementRef key="sponsor"/>
    <elementRef key="funder"/>
    <elementRef key="respStmt"/>
   </alternate>
  </sequence>
  <elementRef key="imprint"/>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="imprint"/>
   <elementRef key="extent"/>
   <elementRef key="biblScope"/>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element monogr
{
   (
      (
         ( author | editor | meeting | respStmt ),
         ( author | editor | meeting | respStmt )*,
         title+,
         ( model.ptrLike | idno | textLang | editor | respStmt )*
      )
    | (
         ( title | model.ptrLike | idno )+,
         ( textLang | author | editor | meeting | respStmt )*
      )
    | ( authority, idno )
   )?,
   availability*,
   model.noteLike*,
   (
      (
         edition,
         ( idno | model.ptrLike | editor | sponsor | funder | respStmt )*
      )*
   ),
   imprint,
   ( imprint | extent | biblScope )*
}

<msContents>

<msContents> (manuscript contents) describes the intellectual content of a manuscript, manuscript part, or other object either as a series of paragraphs or as a series of structured manuscript items. [11.6. Intellectual Content]
Module msdescription
Attributes
Contained by
msdescription: msDesc
May contain
core: p textLang
msdescription: msItem
Note

Unless it contains a simple prose description, this element should contain at least one of the elements <summary>, <msItem>, or <msItemStruct>. This constraint is not currently enforced by the schema.

Example
<msContents class="#sermons">
 <p>A collection of Lollard sermons</p>
</msContents>
Example
<msContents>
 <msItem n="1">
  <locus>fols. 5r-7v</locus>
  <title>An ABC</title>
  <bibl>
   <title>IMEV</title>
   <biblScope>239</biblScope>
  </bibl>
 </msItem>
 <msItem n="2">
  <locus>fols. 7v-8v</locus>
  <title xml:lang="frm">Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan</title>
  <bibl>
   <title>IMEV</title>
   <biblScope>3747</biblScope>
  </bibl>
 </msItem>
 <msItem n="3">
  <locus>fol. 8v</locus>
  <title>Truth</title>
  <bibl>
   <title>IMEV</title>
   <biblScope>809</biblScope>
  </bibl>
 </msItem>
 <msItem n="4">
  <locus>fols. 8v-10v</locus>
  <title>Birds Praise of Love</title>
  <bibl>
   <title>IMEV</title>
   <biblScope>1506</biblScope>
  </bibl>
 </msItem>
 <msItem n="5">
  <locus>fols. 10v-11v</locus>
  <title xml:lang="la">De amico ad amicam</title>
  <title xml:lang="la">Responcio</title>
  <bibl>
   <title>IMEV</title>
   <biblScope>16 &amp; 19</biblScope>
  </bibl>
 </msItem>
 <msItem n="6">
  <locus>fols. 14r-126v</locus>
  <title>Troilus and Criseyde</title>
  <note>Bk. 1:71-Bk. 5:1701, with additional losses due to mutilation throughout</note>
 </msItem>
</msContents>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence>
   <elementRef key="summary" minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="textLang" minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="titlePage"
    minOccurs="0"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <elementRef key="msItem"/>
    <elementRef key="msItemStruct"/>
   </alternate>
  </sequence>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element msContents
{
   model.pLike+
 | ( summary?, textLang?, titlePage?, ( msItem | msItemStruct )* )
}

<msDesc>

<msDesc> (manuscript description) contains a description of a single identifiable manuscript or other text-bearing object such as an early printed book. [11.1. Overview]
Module msdescription
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
linking: seg standOff
msdescription: msItem
namesdates: person persona
textstructure: body div
May contain
core: head p
msdescription: msContents msIdentifier
Note

Although the <msDesc> has primarily been designed with a view to encoding manuscript descriptions, it may also be used for other objects such as early printed books, fascicles, epigraphs, or any text-bearing objects that require substantial description. If an object is not text-bearing or the reasons for describing the object is not primarily the textual content, the more general <object> may be more suitable.

Example
<msDesc>
 <msIdentifier>
  <settlement>Oxford</settlement>
  <repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
  <idno type="Bod">MS Poet. Rawl. D. 169.</idno>
 </msIdentifier>
 <msContents>
  <msItem>
   <author>Geoffrey Chaucer</author>
   <title>The Canterbury Tales</title>
  </msItem>
 </msContents>
 <physDesc>
  <objectDesc>
   <p>A parchment codex of 136 folios, measuring approx
       28 by 19 inches, and containing 24 quires.</p>
   <p>The pages are margined and ruled throughout.</p>
   <p>Four hands have been identified in the manuscript: the first 44
       folios being written in two cursive anglicana scripts, while the
       remainder is for the most part in a mixed secretary hand.</p>
  </objectDesc>
 </physDesc>
</msDesc>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:msContents|tei:physDesc|tei:history|tei:additional">
<sch:let name="gi" value="name(.)"/>
<sch:report test="preceding-sibling::*[ name(.) eq $gi ] and not( following-sibling::*[ 
 name(.) eq $gi ] )"> Only one <sch:name/> is allowed as a child of <sch:value-of select="name(..)"/>.
</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="msIdentifier"/>
  <classRef key="model.headLike"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <alternate>
   <classRef key="model.pLike"
    minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <elementRef key="msContents"/>
    <elementRef key="physDesc"/>
    <elementRef key="history"/>
    <elementRef key="additional"/>
    <elementRef key="msPart"/>
    <elementRef key="msFrag"/>
   </alternate>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element msDesc
{
   msIdentifier,
   model.headLike*,
   (
      model.pLike+
    | ( msContents | physDesc | history | additional | msPart | msFrag )*
   )
}

<msIdentifier>

<msIdentifier> (manuscript identifier) contains the information required to identify the manuscript or similar object being described. [11.4. The Manuscript Identifier]
Module msdescription
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: bibl
msdescription: msDesc
May contain
header: idno
msdescription: institution
Example
<msIdentifier>
 <settlement>San Marino</settlement>
 <repository>Huntington Library</repository>
 <idno>MS.El.26.C.9</idno>
</msIdentifier>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:msIdentifier">
<sch:report test="not( parent::tei:msPart ) and ( child::*[1]/self::idno or child::*[1]/self::altIdentifier 
 or normalize-space(.) eq '')">An msIdentifier must contain either a repository or location.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <sequence>
   <classRef key="model.placeNamePart"
    expand="sequenceOptional"/>
   <elementRef key="institution"
    minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="repository"
    minOccurs="0"/>
   <elementRef key="collection"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   <elementRef key="idno" minOccurs="0"
    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="msName"/>
   <elementRef key="objectName"/>
   <elementRef key="altIdentifier"/>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element msIdentifier
{
   ( institution?, repository?, collection*, idno* ),
   ( msName | objectName | altIdentifier )*
}

<msItem>

<msItem> (manuscript item) describes an individual work or item within the intellectual content of a manuscript, manuscript part, or other object. [11.6.1. The msItem and msItemStruct Elements]
Module msdescription
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
msdescription: msContents msItem
May contain
Example
<msItem class="#saga">
 <locus>ff. 1r-24v</locus>
 <title>Agrip af Noregs konunga sögum</title>
 <incipit>regi oc h<ex>ann</ex> setiho
 <gap reason="illegibleextent="7"/>sc
   heim se<ex>m</ex> þio</incipit>
 <explicit>h<ex>on</ex> hev<ex>er</ex>
  <ex>oc</ex>þa buit hesta .ij. aNan viþ
   fé enh<ex>on</ex>o<ex>m</ex> aNan til
   reiþ<ex>ar</ex>
 </explicit>
 <textLang mainLang="non">Old Norse/Icelandic</textLang>
</msItem>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <elementRef key="locus"/>
   <elementRef key="locusGrp"/>
  </alternate>
  <alternate>
   <classRef key="model.pLike"
    minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   <alternate minOccurs="1"
    maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <classRef key="model.titlepagePart"/>
    <classRef key="model.msItemPart"/>
    <classRef key="model.global"/>
   </alternate>
  </alternate>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element msItem
{
   ( locus | locusGrp )*,
   (
      model.pLike+
    | ( model.titlepagePart | model.msItemPart | model.global )+
   )
}

<note>

<note> (note) contains a note or annotation. [3.9.1. Notes and Simple Annotation 2.2.6. The Notes Statement 3.12.2.8. Notes and Statement of Language 10.3.5.4. Notes within Entries]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Example In the following example, the translator has supplied a footnote containing an explanation of the term translated as "painterly":
And yet it is not only
 in the great line of Italian renaissance art, but even in the
 painterly <note place="bottomtype="gloss"
 resp="#MDMH">
 <term xml:lang="de">Malerisch</term>. This word has, in the German, two
 distinct meanings, one objective, a quality residing in the object,
 the other subjective, a mode of apprehension and creation. To avoid
 confusion, they have been distinguished in English as
<mentioned>picturesque</mentioned> and
<mentioned>painterly</mentioned> respectively.
</note> style of the
 Dutch genre painters of the seventeenth century that drapery has this
 psychological significance.

<!-- elsewhere in the document -->
<respStmt xml:id="MDMH">
 <resp>translation from German to English</resp>
 <name>Hottinger, Marie Donald Mackie</name>
</respStmt>
For this example to be valid, the code MDMH must be defined elsewhere, for example by means of a responsibility statement in the associated TEI header.
Example The global n attribute may be used to supply the symbol or number used to mark the note's point of attachment in the source text, as in the following example:
Mevorakh b. Saadya's mother, the matriarch of the
 family during the second half of the eleventh century, <note n="126anchored="true"> The
 alleged mention of Judah Nagid's mother in a letter from 1071 is, in fact, a reference to
 Judah's children; cf. above, nn. 111 and 54. </note> is well known from Geniza documents
 published by Jacob Mann.
However, if notes are numbered in sequence and their numbering can be reconstructed automatically by processing software, it may well be considered unnecessary to record the note numbers.
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element note { macro.specialPara }

<p>

<p> (paragraph) marks paragraphs in prose. [3.1. Paragraphs 7.2.5. Speech Contents]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Example
<p>Hallgerd was outside. <q>There is blood on your axe,</q> she said. <q>What have you
   done?</q>
</p>
<p>
 <q>I have now arranged that you can be married a second time,</q> replied Thjostolf.
</p>
<p>
 <q>Then you must mean that Thorvald is dead,</q> she said.
</p>
<p>
 <q>Yes,</q> said Thjostolf. <q>And now you must think up some plan for me.</q>
</p>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:p">
<sch:report test="(ancestor::tei:ab or ancestor::tei:p) and not( ancestor::tei:floatingText 
 | parent::tei:exemplum | parent::tei:item | parent::tei:note | parent::tei:q 
 | parent::tei:quote | parent::tei:remarks | parent::tei:said | parent::tei:sp 
 | parent::tei:stage | parent::tei:cell | parent::tei:figure )"> Abstract model violation: Paragraphs may not occur inside other paragraphs or ab elements.
</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:l//tei:p">
<sch:assert test="ancestor::tei:floatingText | parent::tei:figure | parent::tei:note"> Abstract model violation: Metrical lines may not contain higher-level structural elements such as div, p, or ab, unless p is a child of figure or note, or is a descendant of floatingText.
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.paraContent"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element p { macro.paraContent }

<persName>

<persName> (personal name) contains a proper noun or proper-noun phrase referring to a person, possibly including one or more of the person's forenames, surnames, honorifics, added names, etc. [14.2.1. Personal Names]
Module namesdates
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example
<persName>
 <forename>Edward</forename>
 <forename>George</forename>
 <surname type="linked">Bulwer-Lytton</surname>, <roleName>Baron Lytton of
 <placeName>Knebworth</placeName>
 </roleName>
</persName>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element persName { macro.phraseSeq }

<person>

<person> (person) provides information about an identifiable individual, for example a participant in a language interaction, or a person referred to in a historical source. [14.3.2. The Person Element 16.2.2. The Participant Description]
Module namesdates
Attributes
role specifies a primary role or classification for the person.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, using arbitrary keywords such as artist, employer, author, relative, or servant, each of which should be associated with a definition. Such local definitions will typically be provided by a <valList> element in the project schema specification.

sex specifies the sex of the person.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.sex separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be defined locally by a project, or they may refer to an external standard.

gender specifies the gender of the person.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.gender separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be defined locally by a project, or they may refer to an external standard.

age specifies an age group for the person.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, using arbitrary keywords such as infant, child, teen, adult, or senior, each of which should be associated with a definition. Such local definitions will typically be provided by a <valList> element in the project schema specification.

Member of
Contained by
namesdates: listPerson
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: persName persona
Note

May contain either a prose description organized as paragraphs, or a sequence of more specific demographic elements drawn from the model.personPart class.

Example
<person sex="Fage="adult">
 <p>Female respondent, well-educated, born in Shropshire UK, 12 Jan 1950, of unknown occupation. Speaks French fluently. Socio-Economic
   status B2.</p>
</person>
Example
<person sex="intersexrole="god"
 age="immortal">
 <persName>Hermaphroditos</persName>
 <persName xml:lang="grc">Ἑρμαφρόδιτος</persName>
</person>
Example
<person xml:id="Ovi01sex="Mrole="poet">
 <persName xml:lang="en">Ovid</persName>
 <persName xml:lang="la">Publius Ovidius Naso</persName>
 <birth when="-0044-03-20"> 20 March 43 BC <placeName>
   <settlement type="city">Sulmona</settlement>
   <country key="IT">Italy</country>
  </placeName>
 </birth>
 <death notBefore="0017notAfter="0018">17 or 18 AD <placeName>
   <settlement type="city">Tomis (Constanta)</settlement>
   <country key="RO">Romania</country>
  </placeName>
 </death>
</person>
Example The following exemplifies an adaptation of the vCard standard to indicate an unknown gender for a fictional character.
<person xml:id="arielgender="U">
 <persName>Ariel</persName>
 <note>Character in <title level="m">The Tempest</title>.</note>
</person>
Example This example demonstrates the use of a <ref> element to provide more information about a person.
<person age="G2role="author"
 xml:id="W0212sex="F">
 <birth when="1787"/>
 <death when="1855"/>
 <persName type="main">Mitford, Mary Russell (1787–1855)</persName>
 <persName resp="#Nicoll">MITFORD, MARY RUSSELL</persName>
 <listBibl type="lacyTitles">
  <desc>Lacy's Acting Editions</desc>
  <bibl>
   <ref target="lacy:L1280">Foscari</ref>
  </bibl>
  <bibl>
   <ref target="lacy:L1337">Rienzi</ref>
  </bibl>
 </listBibl>
 <listRef type="seeAlso">
  <ref target="https://www.victorianresearch.org/atcl/show_author.php?aid=1386">ATCL</ref>
  <ref target="https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/18859">ODNB</ref>
  <ref target="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Russell_Mitford">Wikipedia</ref>
  <ref target="https://digitalmitford.org">Digital Mitford</ref>
 </listRef>
</person>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.personPart"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
   <classRef key="model.ptrLike"/>
  </alternate>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element person
{
   attribute role { list { + } }?,
   attribute sex { list { + } }?,
   attribute gender { list { + } }?,
   attribute age { text }?,
   ( model.pLike+ | ( model.personPart | model.global | model.ptrLike )* )
}

<persona>

<persona> provides information about one of the personalities identified for a given individual, where an individual has multiple personalities. [14.3.2. The Person Element]
Module namesdates
Attributes
role specifies a primary role or classification for the persona.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, using arbitrary keywords such as artist, employer, author, relative, or servant, each of which should be associated with a definition. Such local definitions will typically be provided by a <valList> element in the project schema specification.

sex specifies the sex of the persona.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.sex separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, or may refer to an external standard.

gender specifies the gender of the persona.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.gender separated by whitespace
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, or they may refer to an external standard.

age specifies an age group for the persona.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Note

Values for this attribute may be locally defined by a project, using arbitrary keywords such as infant, child, teen, adult, or senior, each of which should be associated with a definition. Such local definitions will typically be provided by a <valList> element in the project schema specification.

Member of
Contained by
namesdates: person persona
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: persName persona
Note

Note that a persona is not the same as a role. A role may be assumed by different people on different occasions, whereas a persona is unique to a particular person, even though it may resemble others. Similarly, when an actor takes on or enacts the role of a historical person, they do not thereby acquire a new persona.

Example
<person sex="Mage="adult">
 <persona sex="M">
  <persName>Dr Henry Jekyll</persName>
 </persona>
 <persona sex="Mage="youth">
  <persName>Edward Hyde</persName>
 </persona>
</person>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <alternate minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.personPart"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"/>
  </alternate>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element persona
{
   attribute role { list { + } }?,
   attribute sex { list { + } }?,
   attribute gender { list { + } }?,
   attribute age { text }?,
   ( model.pLike+ | ( model.personPart | model.global )* )
}

<projectDesc>

<projectDesc> (project description) describes in detail the aim or purpose for which an electronic file was encoded, together with any other relevant information concerning the process by which it was assembled or collected. [2.3.1. The Project Description 2.3. The Encoding Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module header
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: encodingDesc
May contain
core: p
Example
<projectDesc>
 <p>Texts collected for use in the Claremont Shakespeare Clinic, June 1990</p>
</projectDesc>
Content model
<content>
 <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element projectDesc { model.pLike+ }

<ptr>

<ptr> (pointer) defines a pointer to another location. [3.7. Simple Links and Cross-References 17.1. Links]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain Empty element
Note

The target and cRef attributes are mutually exclusive.

Example
<ptr target="#p143 #p144"/>
<ptr target="http://www.tei-c.org"/>
<ptr cRef="1.3.4"/>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:ptr">
<sch:report test="@target and @cRef">Only one of the attributes @target and @cRef may be supplied on <sch:name/>.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <empty/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element ptr { empty }

<pubPlace>

<pubPlace> (publication place) contains the name of the place where a bibliographic item was published. [3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Example
<publicationStmt>
 <publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher>
 <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace>
 <date>1989</date>
</publicationStmt>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element pubPlace { macro.phraseSeq }

<publicationStmt>

<publicationStmt> (publication statement) groups information concerning the publication or distribution of an electronic or other text. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc. 2.2. The File Description]
Module header
Attributes
Contained by
header: fileDesc
May contain
Note

Where a publication statement contains several members of the model.publicationStmtPart.agency or model.publicationStmtPart.detail classes rather than one or more paragraphs or anonymous blocks, care should be taken to ensure that the repeated elements are presented in a meaningful order. It is a conformance requirement that elements supplying information about publication place, address, identifier, availability, and date be given following the name of the publisher, distributor, or authority concerned, and preferably in that order.

Example
<publicationStmt>
 <publisher>C. Muquardt </publisher>
 <pubPlace>Bruxelles &amp; Leipzig</pubPlace>
 <date when="1846"/>
</publicationStmt>
Example
<publicationStmt>
 <publisher>Chadwyck Healey</publisher>
 <pubPlace>Cambridge</pubPlace>
 <availability>
  <p>Available under licence only</p>
 </availability>
 <date when="1992">1992</date>
</publicationStmt>
Example
<publicationStmt>
 <publisher>Zea Books</publisher>
 <pubPlace>Lincoln, NE</pubPlace>
 <date>2017</date>
 <availability>
  <p>This is an open access work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.</p>
 </availability>
 <ptr target="http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/zeabook/55"/>
</publicationStmt>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <sequence minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.publicationStmtPart.agency"/>
   <classRef key="model.publicationStmtPart.detail"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
  <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element publicationStmt
{
   ( ( model.publicationStmtPart.agency, model.publicationStmtPart.detail* )+ )
 | model.pLike+
}

<publisher>

<publisher> (publisher) provides the name of the organization responsible for the publication or distribution of a bibliographic item. [3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information 2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

Use the full form of the name by which a company is usually referred to, rather than any abbreviation of it which may appear on a title page

Example
<imprint>
 <pubPlace>Oxford</pubPlace>
 <publisher>Clarendon Press</publisher>
 <date>1987</date>
</imprint>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element publisher { macro.phraseSeq }

<q>

<q> (quoted) contains material which is distinguished from the surrounding text using quotation marks or a similar method, for any one of a variety of reasons including, but not limited to: direct speech or thought, technical terms or jargon, authorial distance, quotations from elsewhere, and passages that are mentioned but not used. [3.3.3. Quotation]
Module core
Attributes
type (type) may be used to indicate whether the offset passage is spoken or thought, or to characterize it more finely.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
spoken
(spoken) representation of speech
thought
(thought) representation of thought, e.g. internal monologue
written
(written) quotation from a written source
soCalled
(so called) authorial distance
foreign
(foreign) foreign words
distinct
(distinct) linguistically distinct
term
technical term
emph
(emph) rhetorically emphasized
mentioned
(mentioned) refering to itself, not its normal referent
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

May be used to indicate that a passage is distinguished from the surrounding text for reasons concerning which no claim is made. When used in this manner, <q> may be thought of as syntactic sugar for <hi> with a value of rend that indicates the use of such mechanisms as quotation marks.

Example
It is spelled <q>Tübingen</q> — to enter the
 letter <q>u</q> with an umlaut hold down the <q>option</q> key and press 
<q>0 0 f c</q>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element q
{
   attribute type
   {
      "spoken"
    | "thought"
    | "written"
    | "soCalled"
    | "foreign"
    | "distinct"
    | "term"
    | "emph"
    | "mentioned"
   }?,
   macro.specialPara
}

<quote>

<quote> (quotation) contains a phrase or passage attributed by the narrator or author to some agency external to the text. [3.3.3. Quotation 4.3.1. Grouped Texts]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

If a bibliographic citation is supplied for the source of a quotation, the two may be grouped using the <cit> element.

Example
Lexicography has shown little sign of being affected by the
 work of followers of J.R. Firth, probably best summarized in his
 slogan, <quote>You shall know a word by the company it
 keeps</quote>
<ref>(Firth, 1957)</ref>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element quote { macro.specialPara }

<resp>

<resp> (responsibility) contains a phrase describing the nature of a person's intellectual responsibility, or an organization's role in the production or distribution of a work. [3.12.2.2. Titles, Authors, and Editors 2.2.1. The Title Statement 2.2.2. The Edition Statement 2.2.5. The Series Statement]
Module core
Attributes
Contained by
core: respStmt
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
msdescription: locus
namesdates: persName
character data
Note

The attribute ref, inherited from the class att.canonical may be used to indicate the kind of responsibility in a normalized form by referring directly to a standardized list of responsibility types, such as that maintained by a naming authority, for example the list maintained at http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relacode.html for bibliographic usage.

Example
<respStmt>
 <resp ref="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/com.html">compiler</resp>
 <name>Edward Child</name>
</respStmt>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.phraseSeq.limited"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element resp { macro.phraseSeq.limited }

<respStmt>

<respStmt> (statement of responsibility) supplies a statement of responsibility for the intellectual content of a text, edition, recording, or series, where the specialized elements for authors, editors, etc. do not suffice or do not apply. May also be used to encode information about individuals or organizations which have played a role in the production or distribution of a bibliographic work. [3.12.2.2. Titles, Authors, and Editors 2.2.1. The Title Statement 2.2.2. The Edition Statement 2.2.5. The Series Statement]
Module core
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: titleStmt
msdescription: msItem
May contain
core: note resp
namesdates: persName
Example
<respStmt>
 <resp>transcribed from original ms</resp>
 <persName>Claus Huitfeldt</persName>
</respStmt>
Example
<respStmt>
 <resp>converted to XML encoding</resp>
 <name>Alan Morrison</name>
</respStmt>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <alternate>
   <sequence>
    <elementRef key="resp" minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    <classRef key="model.nameLike.agent"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   </sequence>
   <sequence>
    <classRef key="model.nameLike.agent"
     minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    <elementRef key="resp" minOccurs="1"
     maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
   </sequence>
  </alternate>
  <elementRef key="note" minOccurs="0"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element respStmt
{
   ( ( resp+, model.nameLike.agent+ ) | ( model.nameLike.agent+, resp+ ) ),
   note*
}

<samplingDecl>

<samplingDecl> (sampling declaration) contains a prose description of the rationale and methods used in selecting texts, or parts of a text, for inclusion in the resource. [2.3.2. The Sampling Declaration 2.3. The Encoding Description 16.3.2. Declarable Elements]
Module header
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
header: encodingDesc
May contain
core: p
Note

This element records all information about systematic inclusion or omission of portions of the text, whether a reflection of sampling procedures in the pure sense or of systematic omission of material deemed either too difficult to transcribe or not of sufficient interest.

Example
<samplingDecl>
 <p>Samples of up to 2000 words taken at random from the beginning, middle, or end of each
   text identified as relevant by respondents.</p>
</samplingDecl>
Content model
<content>
 <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
  maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element samplingDecl { model.pLike+ }

<seg>

<seg> (arbitrary segment) represents any segmentation of text below the ‘chunk’ level. [17.3. Blocks, Segments, and Anchors 6.2. Components of the Verse Line 7.2.5. Speech Contents]
Module linking
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

The <seg> element may be used at the encoder's discretion to mark any segments of the text of interest for processing. One use of the element is to mark text features for which no appropriate markup is otherwise defined. Another use is to provide an identifier for some segment which is to be pointed at by some other element—i.e. to provide a target, or a part of a target, for a <ptr> or other similar element.

Example
<seg>When are you leaving?</seg>
<seg>Tomorrow.</seg>
Example
<s>
 <seg rend="capstype="initial-cap">So father's only</seg> glory was the ballfield. 
</s>
Example
<seg type="preamble">
 <seg>Sigmund, <seg type="patronym">the son of Volsung</seg>, was a king in Frankish country.</seg>
 <seg>Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons ...</seg>
 <seg>Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ... </seg>
</seg>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.paraContent"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element seg { macro.paraContent }

<sourceDesc>

<sourceDesc> (source description) describes the source(s) from which an electronic text was derived or generated, typically a bibliographic description in the case of a digitized text, or a phrase such as ‘born digital’ for a text which has no previous existence. [2.2.7. The Source Description]
Module header
Attributes
Contained by
header: fileDesc
May contain
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: listPerson
Example
<sourceDesc>
 <bibl>
  <title level="a">The Interesting story of the Children in the Wood</title>. In
 <author>Victor E Neuberg</author>, <title>The Penny Histories</title>.
 <publisher>OUP</publisher>
  <date>1968</date>. </bibl>
</sourceDesc>
Example
<sourceDesc>
 <p>Born digital: no previous source exists.</p>
</sourceDesc>
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <alternate minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <classRef key="model.biblLike"/>
   <classRef key="model.sourceDescPart"/>
   <classRef key="model.listLike"/>
  </alternate>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element sourceDesc
{
   model.pLike+ | ( model.biblLike | model.sourceDescPart | model.listLike )+
}

<standOff>

<standOff> Functions as a container element for linked data, contextual information, and stand-off annotations embedded in a TEI document. [17.10. The standOff Container]
Module linking
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: teiCorpus
textstructure: TEI
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
linking: seg
msdescription: msDesc
namesdates: listPerson
Example This example shows an encoding of morphosyntactic features similar to the encoding system used by ISO 24611 (MAF).
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
 <teiHeader>
<!-- ... -->
 </teiHeader>
 <text>
  <body>
<!-- ... -->
   <p>
    <w xml:id="w51">I</w>
    <w xml:id="w52">wanna</w>
    <w xml:id="w53">put</w>
    <w xml:id="w54">up</w>
    <w xml:id="w55">new</w>
    <w xml:id="w56">wallpaper</w>
    <pc>.</pc>
   </p>
<!-- ... -->
  </body>
 </text>
 <standOff type="morphosyntax">
  <spanGrp type="wordForm">
   <span target="#w51ana="#fs01"/>
   <span target="#w52ana="#fs02"/>
   <span target="#w52ana="#fs03"/>
   <span target="#w53 #w54ana="#fs04"/>
   <span target="#w55ana="#fs05"/>
   <span target="#w56ana="#fs06"/>
  </spanGrp>
  <fs xml:id="fs01">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>I</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="PP"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
  <fs xml:id="fs02">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>want</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="VBP"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
  <fs xml:id="fs03">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>to</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="TO"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
  <fs xml:id="fs04">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>put up</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="VB"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
  <fs xml:id="fs05">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>new</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="JJ"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
  <fs xml:id="fs06">
   <f name="lemma">
    <string>wallpaper</string>
   </f>
   <f name="pos">
    <symbol value="NN"/>
   </f>
  </fs>
 </standOff>
</TEI>
Example This example shows an encoding of contextual information which is referred to from the main text.
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
 <teiHeader>
<!-- ... -->
 </teiHeader>
 <standOff>
  <listPlace>
   <place xml:id="LATL">
    <placeName>Atlanta</placeName>
    <location>
     <region key="US-GA">Georgia</region>
     <country key="USA">United States of America</country>
     <geo>33.755 -84.39</geo>
    </location>
    <population when="1963"
     type="interpolatedCensusquantity="489359"
     source="https://www.biggestuscities.com/city/atlanta-georgia"/>
   </place>
   <place xml:id="LBHM">
    <placeName>Birmingham</placeName>
    <location>
     <region key="US-AL">Alabama</region>
     <country key="USA">United States of America</country>
     <geo>33.653333 -86.808889</geo>
    </location>
    <population when="1963"
     type="interpolatedCensusquantity="332891"
     source="https://www.biggestuscities.com/city/birmingham-alabama"/>
   </place>
  </listPlace>
 </standOff>
 <text>
  <body>
<!-- ... -->
   <p>Moreover, I am <choice>
     <sic>congnizant</sic>
     <corr>cognizant</corr>
    </choice> of the interrelatedness of all communities and
   <lb/>states. I cannot sit idly by in <placeName ref="#LATL">Atlanta</placeName> and not be concerned about what happens
   <lb/>in <placeName ref="#LBHM">Birmingham</placeName>. <seg xml:id="FQ17">Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.</seg> We
   <lb/>are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment
   <lb/>of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly. Never
   <lb/>again can we afford to live with the narrow, provincial <soCalled rendition="#Rqms">outside agitator</soCalled>
    <lb/>idea. Anyone who lives inside the United States can never be considered
   <lb/>an outsider anywhere in this country.</p>
<!-- ... -->
  </body>
 </text>
</TEI>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:standOff">
<sch:assert test="@type or not(ancestor::tei:standOff)">This
<sch:name/> element must have a @type attribute, since it is
 nested inside a <sch:name/>
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Content model
<content>
 <classRef key="model.standOffPart"
  minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element standOff { model.standOffPart+ }

<teiCorpus>

<teiCorpus> (TEI corpus) contains the whole of a TEI encoded corpus, comprising a single corpus header and one or more <TEI> elements, each containing a single text header and a text. [4. Default Text Structure 16.1. Varieties of Composite Text]
Module core
Attributes
version (version) specifies the version number of the TEI Guidelines against which this document is valid.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.version
Note

Major editions of the Guidelines have long been informally referred to by a name made up of the letter P (for Proposal) followed by a digit. The current release is one of the many releases of the fifth major edition of the Guidelines, known as P5. This attribute may be used to associate a TEI document with a specific release of the P5 Guidelines, in the absence of a more precise association provided by the source attribute on the associated <schemaSpec>.

Member of
Contained by
core: teiCorpus
May contain
core: teiCorpus
header: teiHeader
linking: standOff
textstructure: TEI text
Note

Should contain one <teiHeader> for the corpus, and a series of <TEI> elements, one for each text.

As with all elements in the TEI scheme (except <egXML>) this element is in the TEI namespace (see 5.7.2. Namespaces). Thus, when it is used as the outermost element of a TEI document, it is necessary to specify the TEI namespace on it. This is customarily achieved by including http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 as the value of the XML namespace declaration (xmlns), without indicating a prefix, and then not using a prefix on TEI elements in the rest of the document. For example: <teiCorpus version="4.8.1" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">.

Example
<teiCorpus version="3.3.0" xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
 <teiHeader>
<!-- header for corpus -->
 </teiHeader>
 <TEI>
  <teiHeader>
<!-- header for first text -->
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
<!-- content of first text -->
  </text>
 </TEI>
 <TEI>
  <teiHeader>
<!-- header for second text -->
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
<!-- content of second text -->
  </text>
 </TEI>
<!-- more TEI elements here -->
</teiCorpus>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="teiHeader"/>
  <classRef key="model.resource"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <classRef key="model.describedResource"
   minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element teiCorpus
{
   attribute version { text }?,
   ( teiHeader, model.resource*, model.describedResource+ )
}

<teiHeader>

<teiHeader> (TEI header) supplies descriptive and declarative metadata associated with a digital resource or set of resources. [2.1.1. The TEI Header and Its Components 16.1. Varieties of Composite Text]
Module header
Attributes
Contained by
core: teiCorpus
textstructure: TEI
May contain
Note

One of the few elements unconditionally required in any TEI document.

Example
<teiHeader>
 <fileDesc>
  <titleStmt>
   <title>Shakespeare: the first folio (1623) in electronic form</title>
   <author>Shakespeare, William (1564–1616)</author>
   <respStmt>
    <resp>Originally prepared by</resp>
    <name>Trevor Howard-Hill</name>
   </respStmt>
   <respStmt>
    <resp>Revised and edited by</resp>
    <name>Christine Avern-Carr</name>
   </respStmt>
  </titleStmt>
  <publicationStmt>
   <distributor>Oxford Text Archive</distributor>
   <address>
    <addrLine>13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK</addrLine>
   </address>
   <idno type="OTA">119</idno>
   <availability>
    <p>Freely available on a non-commercial basis.</p>
   </availability>
   <date when="1968">1968</date>
  </publicationStmt>
  <sourceDesc>
   <bibl>The first folio of Shakespeare, prepared by Charlton Hinman (The Norton Facsimile,
       1968)</bibl>
  </sourceDesc>
 </fileDesc>
 <encodingDesc>
  <projectDesc>
   <p>Originally prepared for use in the production of a series of old-spelling
       concordances in 1968, this text was extensively checked and revised for use during the
       editing of the new Oxford Shakespeare (Wells and Taylor, 1989).</p>
  </projectDesc>
  <editorialDecl>
   <correction>
    <p>Turned letters are silently corrected.</p>
   </correction>
   <normalization>
    <p>Original spelling and typography is retained, except that long s and ligatured
         forms are not encoded.</p>
   </normalization>
  </editorialDecl>
  <refsDecl xml:id="ASLREF">
   <cRefPattern matchPattern="(\S+) ([^.]+)\.(.*)"
    replacementPattern="#xpath(//div1[@n='$1']/div2/[@n='$2']//lb[@n='$3'])">
    <p>A reference is created by assembling the following, in the reverse order as that
         listed here: <list>
      <item>the <att>n</att> value of the preceding <gi>lb</gi>
      </item>
      <item>a period</item>
      <item>the <att>n</att> value of the ancestor <gi>div2</gi>
      </item>
      <item>a space</item>
      <item>the <att>n</att> value of the parent <gi>div1</gi>
      </item>
     </list>
    </p>
   </cRefPattern>
  </refsDecl>
 </encodingDesc>
 <revisionDesc>
  <list>
   <item>
    <date when="1989-04-12">12 Apr 89</date> Last checked by CAC</item>
   <item>
    <date when="1989-03-01">1 Mar 89</date> LB made new file</item>
  </list>
 </revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="fileDesc"/>
  <classRef key="model.teiHeaderPart"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <elementRef key="revisionDesc"
   minOccurs="0"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element teiHeader { fileDesc, model.teiHeaderPart*, revisionDesc? }

<text>

<text> (text) contains a single text of any kind, whether unitary or composite, for example a poem or drama, a collection of essays, a novel, a dictionary, or a corpus sample. [4. Default Text Structure 16.1. Varieties of Composite Text]
Module textstructure
Attributes
Member of
Contained by
core: teiCorpus
textstructure: TEI
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
core: gap note
textstructure: body
Note

This element should not be used to represent a text which is inserted at an arbitrary point within the structure of another, for example as in an embedded or quoted narrative; the <floatingText> is provided for this purpose.

Example
<text>
 <front>
  <docTitle>
   <titlePart>Autumn Haze</titlePart>
  </docTitle>
 </front>
 <body>
  <l>Is it a dragonfly or a maple leaf</l>
  <l>That settles softly down upon the water?</l>
 </body>
</text>
Example The body of a text may be replaced by a group of nested texts, as in the following schematic:
<text>
 <front>
<!-- front matter for the whole group -->
 </front>
 <group>
  <text>
<!-- first text -->
  </text>
  <text>
<!-- second text -->
  </text>
 </group>
</text>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <classRef key="model.global"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence minOccurs="0">
   <elementRef key="front"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
  <alternate>
   <elementRef key="body"/>
   <elementRef key="group"/>
  </alternate>
  <classRef key="model.global"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <sequence minOccurs="0">
   <elementRef key="back"/>
   <classRef key="model.global"
    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  </sequence>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element text
{
   model.global*,
   ( ( front, model.global* )? ),
   ( body | group ),
   model.global*,
   ( ( back, model.global* )? )
}

<textLang>

<textLang> (text language) describes the languages and writing systems identified within the bibliographic work being described, rather than its description. [3.12.2.4. Imprint, Size of a Document, and Reprint Information 11.6.6. Languages and Writing Systems]
Module core
Attributes
mainLang (main language) supplies a code which identifies the chief language used in the bibliographic work.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.language
otherLangs (other languages) one or more codes identifying any other languages used in the bibliographic work.
Status Optional
Datatype 0–∞ occurrences of teidata.language separated by whitespace
Member of
Contained by
core: bibl monogr
msdescription: msContents msItem
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

This element should not be used to document the languages or writing systems used for the bibliographic or manuscript description itself: as for all other TEI elements, such information should be provided by means of the global xml:lang attribute attached to the element containing the description.

In all cases, languages should be identified by means of a standardized ‘language tag’ generated according to BCP 47. Additional documentation for the language may be provided by a <language> element in the TEI header.

Example
<textLang mainLang="enotherLangs="la"> Predominantly in English with Latin
 glosses</textLang>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.specialPara"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element textLang
{
   attribute mainLang { text }?,
   attribute otherLangs { list { * } }?,
   macro.specialPara
}

<title>

<title> (title) contains a title for any kind of work. [3.12.2.2. Titles, Authors, and Editors 2.2.1. The Title Statement 2.2.5. The Series Statement]
Module core
Attributes
type classifies the title according to some convenient typology.
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
main
main title
sub
(subordinate) subtitle, title of part
alt
(alternate) alternate title, often in another language, by which the work is also known
short
abbreviated form of title
desc
(descriptive) descriptive paraphrase of the work functioning as a title
Note

This attribute is provided for convenience in analysing titles and processing them according to their type; where such specialized processing is not necessary, there is no need for such analysis, and the entire title, including subtitles and any parallel titles, may be enclosed within a single <title> element.

level indicates the bibliographic level for a title, that is, whether it identifies an article, book, journal, series, or unpublished material.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
a
(analytic) the title applies to an analytic item, such as an article, poem, or other work published as part of a larger item.
m
(monographic) the title applies to a monograph such as a book or other item considered to be a distinct publication, including single volumes of multi-volume works
j
(journal) the title applies to any serial or periodical publication such as a journal, magazine, or newspaper
s
(series) the title applies to a series of otherwise distinct publications such as a collection
u
(unpublished) the title applies to any unpublished material (including theses and dissertations unless published by a commercial press)
Note

The level of a title is sometimes implied by its context: for example, a title appearing directly within an <analytic> element is ipso facto of level ‘a’, and one appearing within a <series> element of level ‘s’. For this reason, the level attribute is not required in contexts where its value can be unambiguously inferred. Where it is supplied in such contexts, its value should not contradict the value implied by its parent element.

Member of
Contained by
May contain
analysis: interp interpGrp
header: idno
linking: seg
msdescription: locus msDesc
namesdates: listPerson persName
character data
Note

The attributes key and ref, inherited from the class att.canonical may be used to indicate the canonical form for the title; the former, by supplying (for example) the identifier of a record in some external library system; the latter by pointing to an XML element somewhere containing the canonical form of the title.

Example
<title>Information Technology and the Research Process: Proceedings of
 a conference held at Cranfield Institute of Technology, UK,
 18–21 July 1989</title>
Example
<title>Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles: a machine readable
 edition</title>
Example
<title type="full">
 <title type="main">Synthèse</title>
 <title type="sub">an international journal for
   epistemology, methodology and history of
   science</title>
</title>
Content model
<content>
 <macroRef key="macro.paraContent"/>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element title
{
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute type { text }?,
   attribute level { "a" | "m" | "j" | "s" | "u" }?,
   macro.paraContent
}

<titleStmt>

<titleStmt> (title statement) groups information about the title of a work and those responsible for its content. [2.2.1. The Title Statement 2.2. The File Description]
Module header
Attributes
Contained by
header: fileDesc
May contain
Example
<titleStmt>
 <title>Capgrave's Life of St. John Norbert: a machine-readable transcription</title>
 <respStmt>
  <resp>compiled by</resp>
  <name>P.J. Lucas</name>
 </respStmt>
</titleStmt>
Content model
<content>
 <sequence>
  <elementRef key="title" minOccurs="1"
   maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
  <classRef key="model.respLike"
   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
 </sequence>
</content>
    
Schema Declaration
element titleStmt { title+, model.respLike* }

Model classes

model.annotationLike

model.annotationLike groups elements used to represent annotations. [17.10. The standOff Container]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.attributable

model.attributable groups elements that contain a word or phrase that can be attributed to a source. [3.3.3. Quotation 4.3.2. Floating Texts]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.availabilityPart

model.availabilityPart groups elements such as licences and paragraphs of text which may appear as part of an availability statement. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.biblLike

model.biblLike groups elements containing a bibliographic description. [3.12. Bibliographic Citations and References]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.biblPart

model.biblPart groups elements which represent components of a bibliographic description. [3.12. Bibliographic Citations and References]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.common

model.common groups common chunk- and inter-level elements. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

This class defines the set of chunk- and inter-level elements; it is used in many content models, including those for textual divisions.

model.dateLike

model.dateLike groups elements containing temporal expressions. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 14.4. Dates]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.descLike

model.descLike groups elements which contain a description of their function.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.describedResource

model.describedResource groups elements which contain the content of a digital resource and its metadata; these elements may serve as the outermost or ‘root’ element of a TEI-conformant document. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.divBottom

model.divBottom groups elements appearing at the end of a text division. [4.2. Elements Common to All Divisions]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.divLike

model.divLike groups elements used to represent un-numbered generic structural divisions.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.divPart

model.divPart groups paragraph-level elements appearing directly within divisions. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

Note that this element class does not include members of the model.inter class, which can appear either within or between paragraph-level items.

model.divTop

model.divTop groups elements appearing at the beginning of a text division. [4.2. Elements Common to All Divisions]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.divTopPart

model.divTopPart groups elements which can occur only at the beginning of a text division. [4.6. Title Pages]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.editorialDeclPart

model.editorialDeclPart groups elements which may be used inside <editorialDecl> and appear multiple times.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.emphLike

model.emphLike groups phrase-level elements which are typographically distinct and to which a specific function can be attributed. [3.3. Highlighting and Quotation]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.encodingDescPart

model.encodingDescPart groups elements which may be used inside <encodingDesc> and appear multiple times.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.global

model.global groups elements which may appear at any point within a TEI text. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.global.edit

model.global.edit groups globally available elements which perform a specifically editorial function. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.global.meta

model.global.meta groups globally available elements which describe the status of other elements. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

Elements in this class are typically used to hold groups of links or of abstract interpretations, or by provide indications of certainty etc. It may find be convenient to localize all metadata elements, for example to contain them within the same divison as the elements that they relate to; or to locate them all to a division of their own. They may however appear at any point in a TEI text.

model.headLike

model.headLike groups elements used to provide a title or heading at the start of a text division.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.hiLike

model.hiLike groups phrase-level elements which are typographically distinct but to which no specific function can be attributed. [3.3. Highlighting and Quotation]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.highlighted

model.highlighted groups phrase-level elements which are typographically distinct. [3.3. Highlighting and Quotation]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.imprintPart

model.imprintPart groups the bibliographic elements which occur inside imprints. [3.12. Bibliographic Citations and References]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.inter

model.inter groups elements which can appear either within or between paragraph-like elements. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.lLike

model.lLike groups elements representing metrical components such as verse lines.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.labelLike

model.labelLike groups elements used to gloss or explain other parts of a document.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.limitedPhrase

model.limitedPhrase groups phrase-level elements excluding those elements primarily intended for transcription of existing sources. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.listLike

model.listLike groups list-like elements. [3.8. Lists]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.msItemPart

model.msItemPart groups elements which can appear within a manuscript item description.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.msQuoteLike

model.msQuoteLike groups elements which represent passages such as titles quoted from a manuscript as a part of its description.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.nameLike

model.nameLike groups elements which name or refer to a person, place, or organization.
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

A superset of the naming elements that may appear in datelines, addresses, statements of responsibility, etc.

model.nameLike.agent

model.nameLike.agent groups elements which contain names of individuals or corporate bodies. [3.6. Names, Numbers, Dates, Abbreviations, and Addresses]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

This class is used in the content model of elements which reference names of people or organizations.

model.noteLike

model.noteLike groups globally-available note-like elements. [3.9. Notes, Annotation, and Indexing]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.pLike

model.pPart.data

model.pPart.data groups phrase-level elements containing names, dates, numbers, measures, and similar data. [3.6. Names, Numbers, Dates, Abbreviations, and Addresses]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.pPart.edit

model.pPart.edit groups phrase-level elements for simple editorial correction and transcription. [3.5. Simple Editorial Changes]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.pPart.msdesc

model.pPart.msdesc groups phrase-level elements used in manuscript description. [11. Manuscript Description]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.paraPart

model.paraPart groups elements that may appear in paragraphs and similar elements. [3.1. Paragraphs]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.persStateLike

model.persStateLike groups elements describing changeable characteristics of a person which have a definite duration, for example occupation, residence, or name.
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

These characteristics of an individual are typically a consequence of their own action or that of others.

model.personLike

model.personLike groups elements which provide information about people and their relationships.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.personPart

model.personPart groups elements which form part of the description of a person. [16.2.2. The Participant Description]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.phrase

model.phrase groups elements which can occur at the level of individual words or phrases. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

This class of elements can occur within paragraphs, list items, lines of verse, etc.

model.placeStateLike

model.placeStateLike groups elements which describe changing states of a place.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.ptrLike

model.ptrLike groups elements used for purposes of location and reference. [3.7. Simple Links and Cross-References]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.publicationStmtPart.agency

model.publicationStmtPart.agency groups the child elements of a <publicationStmt> element of the TEI header that indicate an authorising agent. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

The ‘agency’ child elements, while not required, are required if one of the ‘detail’ child elements is to be used. It is not valid to have a ‘detail’ child element without a preceding ‘agency’ child element.

See also model.publicationStmtPart.detail.

model.publicationStmtPart.detail

model.publicationStmtPart.detail groups the agency-specific child elements of the <publicationStmt> element of the TEI header. [2.2.4. Publication, Distribution, Licensing, etc.]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

A ‘detail’ child element may not occur unless an ‘agency’ child element precedes it.

See also model.publicationStmtPart.agency.

model.quoteLike

model.quoteLike groups elements used to directly contain quotations.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.resource

model.resource groups separate elements which constitute the content of a digital resource, as opposed to its metadata. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.respLike

model.respLike groups elements which are used to indicate intellectual or other significant responsibility, for example within a bibliographic element.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.segLike

model.segLike groups elements used for arbitrary segmentation. [17.3. Blocks, Segments, and Anchors 18.1. Linguistic Segment Categories]
Module tei
Used by
Members
Note

The principles on which segmentation is carried out, and any special codes or attribute values used, should be defined explicitly in the <segmentation> element of the <encodingDesc> within the associated TEI header.

model.standOffPart

model.standOffPart groups elements which may be used as children of <standOff>.
Module tei
Used by
Members

model.teiHeaderPart

model.teiHeaderPart groups high level elements which may appear more than once in a TEI header.
Module tei
Used by
Members

Attribute classes

att.anchoring

att.anchoring (anchoring) provides attributes for use on annotations, e.g. notes and groups of notes describing the existence and position of an anchor for annotations.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
anchored (anchored) indicates whether the copy text shows the exact place of reference for the note.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.truthValue
Default true
Note

In modern texts, notes are usually anchored by means of explicit footnote or endnote symbols. An explicit indication of the phrase or line annotated may however be used instead (e.g. ‘page 218, lines 3–4’). The anchored attribute indicates whether any explicit location is given, whether by symbol or by prose cross-reference. The value true indicates that such an explicit location is indicated in the copy text; the value false indicates that the copy text does not indicate a specific place of attachment for the note. If the specific symbols used in the copy text at the location the note is anchored are to be recorded, use the n attribute.

targetEnd (target end) points to the end of the span to which the note is attached, if the note is not embedded in the text at that point.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

This attribute is retained for backwards compatibility; it may be removed at a subsequent release of the Guidelines. The recommended way of pointing to a span of elements is by means of the range function of XPointer, as further described in 17.2.4.6. range().

Example
<p>(...) tamen reuerendos dominos archiepiscopum et canonicos Leopolienses
 necnon episcopum in duplicibus Quatuortemporibus<anchor xml:id="A55234"/> totaliter expediui...</p>
<!-- elsewhere in the document -->
<noteGrp targetEnd="#A55234">
 <note xml:lang="en"> Quatuor Tempora, so called dry fast days.
 </note>
 <note xml:lang="pl"> Quatuor Tempora, tzw. Suche dni postne.
 </note>
</noteGrp>

att.ascribed

att.ascribed provides attributes for elements representing speech or action that can be ascribed to a specific individual. [3.3.3. Quotation 8.3. Elements Unique to Spoken Texts]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
who indicates the person, or group of people, to whom the element content is ascribed.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
In the following example from Hamlet, speeches (<sp>) in the body of the play are linked to <role> elements in the <castList> using the who attribute.
<castItem type="role">
 <role xml:id="Barnardo">Bernardo</role>
</castItem>
<castItem type="role">
 <role xml:id="Francisco">Francisco</role>
 <roleDesc>a soldier</roleDesc>
</castItem>
<!-- ... -->
<sp who="#Barnardo">
 <speaker>Bernardo</speaker>
 <l n="1">Who's there?</l>
</sp>
<sp who="#Francisco">
 <speaker>Francisco</speaker>
 <l n="2">Nay, answer me: stand, and unfold yourself.</l>
</sp>
Note

For transcribed speech, this will typically identify a participant or participant group; in other contexts, it will point to any identified <person> element.

att.ascribed.directed

att.ascribed.directed provides attributes for elements representing speech or action that can be directed at a group or individual. [3.3.3. Quotation 8.3. Elements Unique to Spoken Texts]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
toWhom indicates the person, or group of people, to whom a speech act or action is directed.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
In the following example from Mary Pix's The False Friend, speeches (<sp>) in the body of the play are linked to <castItem> elements in the <castList> using the toWhom attribute, which is used to specify who the speech is directed to. Additionally, the <stage> includes toWhom to indicate the directionality of the action.
<castItem type="role">
 <role xml:id="emil">Emilius.</role>
</castItem>
<castItem type="role">
 <role xml:id="lov">Lovisa</role>
</castItem>
<castItem type="role">
 <role xml:id="serv">A servant</role>
</castItem>
<!-- ... -->
<sp who="#emil"
 toWhom="#lov">
 <speaker>Emil.</speaker>
 <l n="1">My love!</l>
</sp>
<sp who="#lov"
 toWhom="#emil">
 <speaker>Lov.</speaker>
 <l n="2">I have no Witness of my Noble Birth</l>
 <stage who="emil"
  toWhom="#serv">Pointing to her Woman.</stage>
 <l>But that poor helpless wretch——</l>
</sp>
Note

To indicate the recipient of written correspondence, use the elements used in section 2.4.6. Correspondence Description, rather than a toWhom attribute.

att.cReferencing

att.cReferencing provides attributes that may be used to supply a canonical reference as a means of identifying the target of a pointer.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
cRef (canonical reference) specifies the destination of the pointer by supplying a canonical reference expressed using the scheme defined in a <refsDecl> element in the TEI header.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.text
Note

The value of cRef should be constructed so that when the algorithm for the resolution of canonical references (described in section 17.2.5. Canonical References) is applied to it the result is a valid URI reference to the intended target.

The <refsDecl> to use may be indicated with the decls attribute.

Currently these Guidelines only provide for a single canonical reference to be encoded on any given <ptr> element.

att.calendarSystem

att.calendarSystem provides attributes for indicating calendar systems to which a date belongs. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 14.4. Dates]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
calendar indicates one or more systems or calendars to which the date represented by the content of this element belongs.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@calendar]">
<sch:assert test="string-length( normalize-space(.) ) gt 0"> @calendar indicates one or more
 systems or calendars to which the date represented by the content of this element belongs,
 but this <sch:name/> element has no textual content.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
He was born on <date calendar="#gregorian">Feb. 22, 1732</date> (<date calendar="#julian"
 when="1732-02-22">Feb. 11, 1731/32,
 O.S.</date>).
 He was born on <date calendar="#gregorian #julian"
 when="1732-02-22">Feb. 22, 1732
 (Feb. 11, 1731/32, O.S.)</date>.
Note

Note that the calendar attribute declares the calendar system used to interpret the textual content of an element, as it appears on an original source. It does not modify the interpretation of the normalization attributes provided by att.datable.w3c, att.datable.iso, or att.datable.custom. Attributes from those first two classes are always interpreted as Gregorian or proleptic Gregorian dates, as per the respective standards on which they are based. The calender system used to interpret the last (att.datable.custom) may be specified with datingMethod.

att.canonical

att.canonical provides attributes that can be used to associate a representation such as a name or title with canonical information about the object being named or referenced. [14.1.1. Linking Names and Their Referents]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
key provides an externally-defined means of identifying the entity (or entities) being named, using a coded value of some kind.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.text
<author>
 <name key="Hugo, Victor (1802-1885)"
  ref="http://www.idref.fr/026927608">Victor Hugo</name>
</author>
Note

The value may be a unique identifier from a database, or any other externally-defined string identifying the referent. No particular syntax is proposed for the values of the key attribute, since its form will depend entirely on practice within a given project.

ref (reference) provides an explicit means of locating a full definition or identity for the entity being named by means of one or more URIs.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
<name ref="http://viaf.org/viaf/109557338"
 type="person">Seamus Heaney</name>
Note

The value must point directly to one or more XML elements or other resources by means of one or more URIs, separated by whitespace. If more than one is supplied the implication is that the name identifies several distinct entities.

Example In this contrived example, a canonical reference to the same organisation is provided in four different ways.
<author n="1">
 <name ref="http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/name-427308.html"
  type="organisation">New Zealand Parliament, Legislative Council</name>
</author>
  
<author n="2">
 <name ref="nzvn:427308"
  type="organisation">New Zealand Parliament, Legislative Council</name>
</author>
  
<author n="3">
 <name ref="./named_entities.xml#o427308"
  type="organisation">New Zealand Parliament, Legislative Council</name>
</author>
  

<author n="4">
 <name key="name-427308"
  type="organisation">New Zealand Parliament, Legislative Council</name>
</author>
The first presumes the availability of an internet connection and a processor that can resolve a URI (most can). The second requires, in addition, a <prefixDef> that declares how the nzvm prefix should be interpreted. The third does not require an internet connection, but does require that a file named named_entities.xml be in the same directory as the TEI document. The fourth requires that an entire external system for key resolution be available.
Note

The key attribute is more flexible and general-purpose, but its use in interchange requires that documentation about how the key is to be resolved be sent to the recipient of the TEI document. In contrast values of the ref attribute are resolved using the widely accepted protocols for a URI, and thus less documentation, if any, is likely required by the recipient in data interchange.

These guidelines provide no semantic basis or suggested precedence when both key and ref are provided. For this reason simultaneous use of both is not recommended unless documentation explaining the use is provided, probably in an ODD customizaiton, for interchange.

att.citing

att.citing provides attributes for specifying the specific part of a bibliographic item being cited. [1.3.1. Attribute Classes]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
unit identifies the unit of information conveyed by the element.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
volume
(volume) the element contains a volume number.
issue
the element contains an issue number, or volume and issue numbers.
page
(page) the element contains a page number or page range.
line
the element contains a line number or line range.
chapter
(chapter) the element contains a chapter indication (number and/or title)
part
the element identifies a part of a book or collection.
column
the element identifies a column.
entry
the element identifies an entry number or label in a list of entries.
from specifies the starting point of the range of units indicated by the unit attribute.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.word
to specifies the end-point of the range of units indicated by the unit attribute.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.word

att.cmc

att.cmc (computer-mediated communication) provides attributes categorizing how the element content was created in a CMC environment.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
generatedBy (generated by) categorizes how the content of an element was generated in a CMC environment.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@generatedBy]">
<sch:assert test="ancestor-or-self::tei:post">The @generatedBy attribute is for use within a <post> element.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Suggested values include:
human
the content was ‘naturally’ typed or spoken by a human user
template
the content was generated after a human user activated a template for its insertion
system
the content was generated by the system, i.e. the CMC environment
bot
the content was generated by a bot, i.e. a non-human agent, typically one that is not part of the CMC environment itself
unspecified
the content was generated by an unknown or unspecified process
automatic system message in chat: user moves on to another chatroom
<post type="event"
 generatedBy="system"
 who="#system"
 rend="color:blue">
 <p>
  <name type="nickname"
   corresp="#A02">McMike</name> geht
   in einen anderen Raum: <name type="roomname">Kreuzfahrt</name>
 </p>
</post>
automatic system message in chat: user enters a chatroom
<post type="event"
 generatedBy="system">
 <p>
  <name type="nickname"
   corresp="#A08">c_bo</name> betritt
   den Raum. </p>
</post>
automatic system message in chat: user changes his font color
<post type="event"
 generatedBy="system"
 rend="color:red">
 <p>
  <name type="nickname"
   corresp="#A08">c_bo</name> hat die
   Farbe gewechselt.
 </p>
</post>
An automatic signature of user including an automatic timestamp (Wikipedia discussion, anonymized). The specification of generatedBy at the inner element <signed> is meant to override the specification at the outer element <post>. This is generally possible when the outer generatedBy value is "human".
<post type="standard"
 generatedBy="human"
 indentLevel="2"
 synch="#t00394407"
 who="#WU00005582">
 <p> Kurze Nachfrage: Die Hieros für den Goldnamen stammen
   auch von Beckerath gem. Literatur ? Grüße --</p>
 <signed generatedBy="template"
  rend="inline">
  <gap reason="signatureContent"/>
  <time generatedBy="template">18:50, 22. Okt. 2008 (CEST)</time>
 </signed>
</post>
Wikipedia talk page: user signature
<post type="written"
 generatedBy="human">
<!-- ... main content of posting ... -->
 <signed generatedBy="template">
  <gap reason="signatureContent"/>
  <time generatedBy="template">12:01, 12. Jun. 2009 (CEST)</time>
 </signed>
</post>

att.datable

att.datable provides attributes for normalization of elements that contain dates, times, or datable events. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 14.4. Dates]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
period supplies pointers to one or more definitions of named periods of time (typically <category>s, <date>s, or <event>s) within which the datable item is understood to have occurred.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

This ‘superclass’ provides attributes that can be used to provide normalized values of temporal information. By default, the attributes from the att.datable.w3c class are provided. If the module for names & dates is loaded, this class also provides attributes from the att.datable.iso and att.datable.custom classes. In general, the possible values of attributes restricted to the W3C datatypes form a subset of those values available via the ISO 8601 standard. However, the greater expressiveness of the ISO datatypes may not be needed, and there exists much greater software support for the W3C datatypes.

att.datable.custom

att.datable.custom provides attributes for normalization of elements that contain datable events to a custom dating system (i.e. other than the Gregorian used by W3 and ISO). [14.4. Dates]
Module namesdates
Members
Attributes
when-custom supplies the value of a date or time in some custom standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
The following are examples of custom date or time formats that are not valid ISO or W3C format normalizations, normalized to a different dating system
<p>Alhazen died in Cairo on the
<date when="1040-03-06"
  when-custom="431-06-12"> 12th day of Jumada t-Tania, 430 AH
 </date>.</p>
<p>The current world will end at the
<date when="2012-12-21"
  when-custom="13.0.0.0.0">end of B'ak'tun 13</date>.</p>
<p>The Battle of Meggidu
 (<date when-custom="Thutmose_III:23">23rd year of reign of Thutmose III</date>).</p>
<p>Esidorus bixit in pace annos LXX plus minus sub
<date when-custom="Ind:4-10-11">die XI mensis Octobris indictione IIII</date>
</p>
Not all custom date formulations will have Gregorian equivalents.The when-custom attribute and other custom dating are not constrained to a datatype by the TEI, but individual projects are recommended to regularize and document their dating formats.
notBefore-custom specifies the earliest possible date for the event in some custom standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
notAfter-custom specifies the latest possible date for the event in some custom standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
from-custom indicates the starting point of the period in some custom standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
<event xml:id="FIRE1"
 datingMethod="#julian"
 from-custom="1666-09-02"
 to-custom="1666-09-05">
 <head>The Great Fire of London</head>
 <p>The Great Fire of London burned through a large part
   of the city of London.</p>
</event>
to-custom indicates the ending point of the period in some custom standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
datingPoint supplies a pointer to some location defining a named point in time with reference to which the datable item is understood to have occurred.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
datingMethod supplies a pointer to a <calendar> element or other means of interpreting the values of the custom dating attributes.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increaſe, Moderne
 eſtate, and deſcription of that Citie, written in the yeare
<date when-custom="1598"
 calendar="#julian"
 datingMethod="#julian">1598</date>. by Iohn Stow
 Citizen of London.
In this example, the calendar attribute points to a <calendar> element for the Julian calendar, specifying that the text content of the <date> element is a Julian date, and the datingMethod attribute also points to the Julian calendar to indicate that the content of the when-custom attribute value is Julian too.
<date when="1382-06-28"
 when-custom="6890-06-20"
 datingMethod="#creationOfWorld"> μηνὶ Ἰουνίου εἰς <num>κ</num> ἔτους <num>ςωϞ</num>
</date>
In this example, a date is given in a Mediaeval text measured ‘from the creation of the world’, which is normalized (in when) to the Gregorian date, but is also normalized (in when-custom) to a machine-actionable, numeric version of the date from the Creation.
Note

Note that the datingMethod attribute (unlike calendar defined in att.datable) defines the calendar or dating system to which the date described by the parent element is normalized (i.e. in the when-custom or other X-custom attributes), not the calendar of the original date in the element.

att.datable.iso

att.datable.iso provides attributes for normalization of elements that contain datable events using the ISO 8601:2004 standard. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 14.4. Dates]
Module namesdates
Members
Attributes
when-iso supplies the value of a date or time in a standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.iso
The following are examples of ISO date, time, and date & time formats that are not valid W3C format normalizations.
<date when-iso="1996-09-24T07:25+00">Sept. 24th, 1996 at 3:25 in the morning</date>
<date when-iso="1996-09-24T03:25-04">Sept. 24th, 1996 at 3:25 in the morning</date>
<time when-iso="1999-01-04T20:42-05">4 Jan 1999 at 8:42 pm</time>
<time when-iso="1999-W01-1T20,70-05">4 Jan 1999 at 8:42 pm</time>
<date when-iso="2006-05-18T10:03">a few minutes after ten in the morning on Thu 18 May</date>
<time when-iso="03:00">3 A.M.</time>
<time when-iso="14">around two</time>
<time when-iso="15,5">half past three</time>
All of the examples of the when attribute in the att.datable.w3c class are also valid with respect to this attribute.
He likes to be punctual. I said <q>
 <time when-iso="12">around noon</time>
</q>, and he showed up at <time when-iso="12:00:00">12 O'clock</time> on the dot.
The second occurence of <time> could have been encoded with the when attribute, as 12:00:00 is a valid time with respect to the W3C XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition specification. The first occurence could not.
notBefore-iso specifies the earliest possible date for the event in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.iso
notAfter-iso specifies the latest possible date for the event in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.iso
from-iso indicates the starting point of the period in standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.iso
to-iso indicates the ending point of the period in standard form.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.iso
Note

The value of these attributes should be a normalized representation of the date, time, or combined date & time intended, in any of the standard formats specified by ISO 8601:2004, using the Gregorian calendar.

If both when-iso and dur-iso are specified, the values should be interpreted as indicating a span of time by its starting time (or date) and duration. That is,
<date when-iso="2007-06-01dur-iso="P8D"/>
indicates the same time period as
<date when-iso="2007-06-01/P8D"/>

In providing a ‘regularized’ form, no claim is made that the form in the source text is incorrect; the regularized form is simply that chosen as the main form for purposes of unifying variant forms under a single heading.

att.datable.w3c

att.datable.w3c provides attributes for normalization of elements that contain datable events conforming to the W3C XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition. [3.6.4. Dates and Times 14.4. Dates]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
when supplies the value of the date or time in a standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.w3c
Examples of W3C date, time, and date & time formats.
<p>
 <date when="1945-10-24">24 Oct 45</date>
 <date when="1996-09-24T07:25:00Z">September 24th, 1996 at 3:25 in the morning</date>
 <time when="1999-01-04T20:42:00-05:00">Jan 4 1999 at 8 pm</time>
 <time when="14:12:38">fourteen twelve and 38 seconds</time>
 <date when="1962-10">October of 1962</date>
 <date when="--06-12">June 12th</date>
 <date when="---01">the first of the month</date>
 <date when="--08">August</date>
 <date when="2006">MMVI</date>
 <date when="0056">AD 56</date>
 <date when="-0056">56 BC</date>
</p>
This list begins in
 the year 1632, more precisely on Trinity Sunday, i.e. the Sunday after
 Pentecost, in that year the
<date calendar="#julian"
 when="1632-06-06">27th of May (old style)</date>.
<opener>
 <dateline>
  <placeName>Dorchester, Village,</placeName>
  <date when="1828-03-02">March 2d. 1828.</date>
 </dateline>
 <salute>To
   Mrs. Cornell,</salute> Sunday <time when="12:00:00">noon.</time>
</opener>
notBefore specifies the earliest possible date for the event in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.w3c
notAfter specifies the latest possible date for the event in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.w3c
from indicates the starting point of the period in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.w3c
to indicates the ending point of the period in standard form, e.g. yyyy-mm-dd.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.temporal.w3c
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@when]">
<sch:report test="@notBefore|@notAfter|@from|@to"
 role="nonfatal">The @when attribute cannot be used with any other att.datable.w3c attributes.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@from]">
<sch:report test="@notBefore"
 role="nonfatal">The @from and @notBefore attributes cannot be used together.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@to]">
<sch:report test="@notAfter"
 role="nonfatal">The @to and @notAfter attributes cannot be used together.</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Example
<date from="1863-05-28to="1863-06-01">28 May through 1 June 1863</date>
Note

The value of these attributes should be a normalized representation of the date, time, or combined date & time intended, in any of the standard formats specified by XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, using the Gregorian calendar.

The most commonly-encountered format for the date portion of a temporal attribute is yyyy-mm-dd, but yyyy, --mm, ---dd, yyyy-mm, or --mm-dd may also be used. For the time part, the form hh:mm:ss is used.

Note that this format does not currently permit use of the value 0000 to represent the year 1 BCE; instead the value -0001 should be used.

att.datcat

att.datcat provides attributes that are used to align XML elements or attributes with the appropriate Data Categories (DCs) defined by an external taxonomy, in this way establishing the identity of information containers and values, and providing means of interpreting them. [10.5.2. Lexical View 19.3. Other Atomic Feature Values]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
datcat provides a pointer to a definition of, and/or general information about, (a) an information container (element or attribute) or (b) a value of an information container (element content or attribute value), by referencing an external taxonomy or ontology. If valueDatcat is present in the immediate context, this attribute takes on role (a), while valueDatcat performs role (b).
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
valueDatcat provides a definition of, and/or general information about a value of an information container (element content or attribute value), by reference to an external taxonomy or ontology. Used especially where a contrast with datcat is needed.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
targetDatcat provides a definition of, and/or general information about, information structure of an object referenced or modeled by the containing element, by reference to an external taxonomy or ontology. This attribute has the characteristics of the datcat attribute, except that it addresses not its containing element, but an object that is being referenced or modeled by its containing element.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Example The example below presents the TEI encoding of the name-value pair <part of speech, common noun>, where the name (key) ‘part of speech’ is abbreviated as ‘POS’, and the value, ‘common noun’ is symbolized by ‘NN’. The entire name-value pair is encoded by means of the element <f>. In TEI XML, that element acts as the container, labeled with the name attribute. Its contents may be complex or simple. In the case at hand, the content is the symbol ‘NN’.The datcat attribute relates the feature name (i.e., the key) to the data category ‘part of speech’, while the attribute valueDatcat relates the feature value to the data category common noun. Both these data categories should be defined in an external and preferably open reference taxonomy or ontology.
<fs>
 <f name="POS"
  datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3">
  <symbol valueDatcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1256_7ec6083c-23d4-224d-6f94-eecbe6861545"
   value="NN"/>
 </f>
<!-- ... -->
</fs>
‘NN’ is the symbol for common noun used e.g. in the CLAWS-7 tagset defined by the University Centre for Computer Corpus Research on Language at the University of Lancaster. The very same data category used for tagging an early version of the British National Corpus, and coming from the BNC Basic (C5) tagset, uses the symbol ‘NN0’ (rather than ‘NN’). Making these values semantically interoperable would be extremely difficult without a human expert if they were not anchored in a single point of an established reference taxonomy of morphosyntactic data categories. In the case at hand, the string http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1256_7ec6083c-23d4-224d-6f94-eecbe6861545 is both a persistent identifier of the data category in question, as well as a pointer to a shared definition of common noun.While the symbols ‘NN’, ‘NN0’, and many others (often coming from languages other than English) are implicitly members of the container category ‘part of speech’, it is sometimes useful not to rely on such an implicit relationship but rather use an explicit identifier for that data category, to distinguish it from other morphosyntactic data categories, such as gender, tense, etc. For that purpose, the above example uses the datcat attribute to reference a definition of part of speech. The reference taxonomy in this example is the CLARIN Concept Registry.If the feature structure markup exemplified above is to be repeated many times in a single document, it is much more efficient to gather the persistent identifiers in a single place and to only reference them, implicitly or directly, from feature structure markup. The following example is much more concise than the one above and relies on the concepts of feature structure declaration and feature value library, discussed in chapter [[undefined FS]].
<fs>
 <f name="POSfVal="#commonNoun"/>
<!-- ... -->
</fs>
The assumption here is that the relevant feature values are collected in a place that the annotation document in question has access to — preferably, a single document per linguistic resource, for example an <fsdDecl> that is XIncluded as a sibling of <text> or a child of <encodingDesc>; a <taxonomy> available resource-wide (e.g., in a shared header) is also an option.The example below presents an <fvLib> element that collects the relevant feature values (most of them omitted). At the same time, this example shows one way of encoding a tagset, i.e., an established inventory of values of (in the case at hand) morphosyntactic categories.
<fvLib n="POS values">
 <symbol xml:id="commonNounvalue="NN"
  datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3"/>
 <symbol xml:id="properNounvalue="NP"
  datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1371_fbebd9ec-a7f4-9a36-d6e9-88ee16b944ae"/>
<!-- ... -->
</fvLib>
Note that these Guidelines do not prescribe a specific choice between datcat and valueDatcat in such cases. The former is the generic way of referencing a data category, whereas the latter is more specific, in that it references a data category that represents a value. The choice between them comes into play where a single element — or a tight element complex, such as the <f>/<symbol> complex illustrated above — make it necessary or useful to distinguish between the container data category and its value.
Example In the context of dictionaries designed with semantic interoperability in mind, the following example ensures that the <pos> element is interpreted as the same information container as in the case of the example of <f name="POS"> above.
<gramGrp>
 <pos datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3"
  valueDatcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1256_7ec6083c-23d4-224d-6f94-eecbe6861545">NN</pos>
</gramGrp>
Efficiency of this type of interoperable markup demands that the references to the particular data categories should best be provided in a single place within the dictionary (or a single place within the project), rather than being repeated inside every entry. For the container elements, this can be achieved at the level of <tagUsage>, although here, the valueDatcat attribute should be used, because it is not the <tagUsage> element that is associated with the relevant data category, but rather the element <pos> (or <case>, etc.) that is described by <tagUsage>:
<tagsDecl partial="true">
<!-- ... -->
 <namespace name="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
  <tagUsage gi="pos"
   targetDatcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3">Contains the part of speech.</tagUsage>
  <tagUsage gi="case"
   targetDatcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1840_9f4e319c-f233-6c90-9117-7270e215f039">Contains information about the grammatical case that the described form is inflected for.</tagUsage>
<!-- ... -->
 </namespace>
</tagsDecl>
Another possibility is to shorten the URIs by means of the <prefixDef> mechanism, as illustrated below:
<listPrefixDef>
 <prefixDef ident="ccrmatchPattern="pos"
  replacementPattern="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3"/>
 <prefixDef ident="ccrmatchPattern="adj"
  replacementPattern="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1230_23653c21-fca1-edf8-fd7c-3df2d6499157"/>
</listPrefixDef>
<!-- ... -->
<entry>
<!--...-->
 <form>
  <orth>isotope</orth>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos datcat="ccr:pos"
   valueDatcat="ccr:adj">adj</pos>
 </gramGrp>
<!--...-->
</entry>
This mechanism creates implications that are not always wanted, among others, in the case at hand, suggesting that the identifiers ‘pos’ and ‘adj’ belong to a namespace associated with the CLARIN Concept Repository (CCR), whereas that is solely a shorthand mechanism whose scope is the current resource. Documenting this clearly in the header of the dictionary is therefore advised.Yet another possibility is to associate the information about the relationship between a TEI markup element and the data category that it is intended to model already at the level of modeling the dictionary resource, that is, at the level of the ODD, in the <equiv> element that is a child of <elementSpec> or <attDef>.
Example The <taxonomy> element is a handy tool for encoding taxonomies that are later referenced by att.datcat attributes, but it can also act as an intermediary device, for example holding a fragment of an external taxonomy (or ‘flattening’ an external ontology) that is relevant to the project or document at hand. (It is also imaginable that, for the purpose of the project at hand, the local <taxonomy> element combines vocabularies that originate from more than one external taxonomy or ontology.) In such cases, the <taxonomy> creates a local layer of indirection: the att.datcat attributes internal to the resource may reference the <category> elements stored in the header (as well as the <taxonomy> element itself), whereas these same <category> and <taxonomy> elements use att.datcat attributes to reference the original taxonomy or ontology.
<encodingDesc>
<!-- ... -->
 <classDecl>
<!-- ... -->
  <taxonomy xml:id="UD-SYN"
   datcat="https://universaldependencies.org/u/dep/index.html">
   <desc>
    <term>UD syntactic relations</term>
   </desc>
   <category xml:id="acl"
    valueDatcat="https://universaldependencies.org/u/dep/acl.html">
    <catDesc>
     <term>acl</term>: Clausal modifier of noun (adjectival clause)</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category xml:id="acl_relcl"
    valueDatcat="https://universaldependencies.org/u/dep/acl-relcl.html">
    <catDesc>
     <term>acl:relcl</term>: relative clause modifier</catDesc>
   </category>
   <category xml:id="advcl"
    valueDatcat="https://universaldependencies.org/u/dep/advcl.html">
    <catDesc>
     <term>advcl</term>: Adverbial clause modifier</catDesc>
   </category>
<!-- ... -->
  </taxonomy>
 </classDecl>
</encodingDesc>
The above fragment was excerpted from the GB subset of the ParlaMint project in April 2023, and enriched with att.datcat attributes for the purpose of illustrating the mechanism described here.Note that, in the ideal case, the values of att.datcat attributes should be persistent identifiers, and that the addressing scheme of Universal Dependencies is treated here as persistent for the sake of illustration. Note also that the contrast between datcat used on <taxonomy> on the one hand, and the valueDatcat used on <category> on the other, is not mandatory: both kinds of relations could be encoded by means of the generic datcat attribute, but using the former for the container and the latter for the content is more user-friendly.
Example The targetDatcat attribute is designed to be used in, e.g., feature structure declarations, and is analogous to the targetLang attribute of the att.pointing class, in that it describes the object that is being referenced, rather than the referencing object.
<fDecl name="POS"
 targetDatcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-396_5a972b93-2294-ab5c-a541-7c344c5f26c3">
 <fDescr>part of speech (morphosyntactic category)</fDescr>
 <vRange>
  <vAlt>
   <symbol value="NN"
    datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1256_7ec6083c-23d4-224d-6f94-eecbe6861545"/>
   <symbol value="NP"
    datcat="http://hdl.handle.net/11459/CCR_C-1371_fbebd9ec-a7f4-9a36-d6e9-88ee16b944ae"/>
<!-- ... -->
  </vAlt>
 </vRange>
</fDecl>
Above, the <fDecl> uses targetDatcat, because if it were to use datcat, it would be asserting that it is an instance of the container data category part of speech, whereas it is not — it models a container (<f>) that encodes a part of speech. Note also that it is the <f> that is modeled above, not its values, which are used as direct references to data categories; hence the use of datcat in the <symbol> element.
Example The att.datcat attributes can be used for any sort of taxonomies. The example below illustrates their usefulness for describing usage domain labels in dictionaries on the example of the Diccionario da Lingua Portugueza by António de Morais Silva, retro-digitised in the MORDigital project.
<!--  in the dictionary header    --><encodingDesc>
 <classDecl>
  <taxonomy xml:id="domains">
<!--...-->
   <category xml:id="domain.medical_and_health_sciences">
    <catDesc xml:lang="en">Medical and Health Sciences</catDesc>
    <catDesc xml:lang="pt">Ciências Médicas e da Saúde</catDesc>
    <category xml:id="domain.medical_and_health_sciences.medicine"
     valueDatcat="https://vocabs.rossio.fcsh.unl.pt/pub/morais_domains/pt/page/0025">
     <catDesc xml:lang="en">
      <term>Medicine</term>
      <gloss>
<!--...-->
      </gloss>
     </catDesc>
     <catDesc xml:lang="pt">
      <term>Medicina</term>
      <gloss>
<!--...-->
      </gloss>
     </catDesc>
    </category>
   </category>
<!--...-->
  </taxonomy>
 </classDecl>
</encodingDesc>
<!-- 
            inside an <entry> element: -->
<usg type="domain"
 valueDatcat="#domain.medical_and_health_sciences.medicine">Med.</usg>
In the Morais dictionary, the relevant domain labels are in the header, getting referenced inside the dictionary, from <usg> elements. The vocabulary used for dictionary-internal labelling is in turn anchored in the MorDigital controlled vocabulary service of the NOVA University of Lisbon – School of Social Sciences and Humanities (NOVA FCSH).
Note

The TEI Abstract Model can be expressed as a hierarchy of attribute-value matrices (AVMs) of various types and of various levels of complexity, nested or grouped in various ways. At the most abstract level, an AVM consists of an information container and the value (contents) of that container.

A simple example of an XML serialization of such structures is, on the one hand, the opening and closing tags that delimit and name the container, and, on the other, the content enclosed by the two tags that constitues the value. An analogous example is an attribute name and the value of that attribute.

In a TEI XML example of two equivalent serializations expressing the name-value pair <part-of-speech,common-noun>, namely <pos>commonNoun</pos> and pos="common-noun", one would classify the element <pos> and the attribute pos as containers (mapping onto the first member of the relevant name-value pair), while the character data content of <pos> or the value of pos would be seen as mapping onto the second member of the pair.

The att.datcat class provides means of addressing the containers and their values, while at the same time providing a way to interpret them in the context of external taxonomies or ontologies. Aligning e.g. both the <pos> element and the pos attribute with the same value of an external reference point (i.e., an entry in an agreed taxonomy) affirms the identity of the concept serialised by both the element container and the attribute container, and optionally provides a definition of that concept (in the case at hand, the concept part of speech).

The value of the att.datcat attributes should be a PID (persistent identifier) that points to a specific — and, ideally, shared — taxonomy or ontology. Among the resources that can, to a lesser or greater extent, be used as inventories of (more or less) standardized linguistic categories are the GOLD ontology, CLARIN CCR, OLiA, or TermWeb's DatCatInfo, and also the Universal Dependencies inventory, on the assumption that its URIs are going to persist. It is imaginable that a project may choose to address a local taxonomy store instead, but this risks losing the advantage of interchangeability with other projects.

Historically, datcat and valueDatcat originate from the (now obsolete) ISO 12620:2009 standard, describing the data model and procedures for a Data Category Registry (DCR). The current version of that standard, ISO 12620-1, does not standardize the serialization of pointers, merely mentioning the TEI att.datcat as an example.

Note that no constraint prevents the occurrence of a combination of att.datcat attributes: the <fDecl> element, which is a natural bearer of the targetDatcat attribute, is an instance of a specific modeling element, and, in principle, could be semantically fixed by an appropriate reference taxonomy of modeling devices.

att.declarable

att.declarable provides attributes for those elements in the TEI header which may be independently selected by means of the special purpose decls attribute. [16.3. Associating Contextual Information with a Text]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
default indicates whether or not this element is selected by default when its parent is selected.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.truthValue
Legal values are:
true
This element is selected if its parent is selected
false
This element can only be selected explicitly, unless it is the only one of its kind, in which case it is selected if its parent is selected.[Default]
Note

The rules governing the association of declarable elements with individual parts of a TEI text are fully defined in chapter 16.3. Associating Contextual Information with a Text. Only one element of a particular type may have a default attribute with a value of true.

att.declaring

att.declaring provides attributes for elements which may be independently associated with a particular declarable element within the header, thus overriding the inherited default for that element. [16.3. Associating Contextual Information with a Text]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
decls (declarations) identifies one or more declarable elements within the header, which are understood to apply to the element bearing this attribute and its content.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

The rules governing the association of declarable elements with individual parts of a TEI text are fully defined in chapter 16.3. Associating Contextual Information with a Text.

att.dimensions

att.dimensions provides attributes for describing the size of physical objects.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
unit names the unit used for the measurement
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Suggested values include:
cm
(centimetres)
mm
(millimetres)
in
(inches)
line
lines of text
char
(characters) characters of text
quantity specifies the length in the units specified
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.numeric
extent indicates the size of the object concerned using a project-specific vocabulary combining quantity and units in a single string of words.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.text
<gap extent="5 words"/>
<height extent="half the page"/>
precision characterizes the precision of the values specified by the other attributes.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.certainty
scope where the measurement summarizes more than one observation, specifies the applicability of this measurement.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
all
measurement applies to all instances.
most
measurement applies to most of the instances inspected.
range
measurement applies to only the specified range of instances.

att.divLike

att.divLike provides attributes common to all elements which behave in the same way as divisions. [4. Default Text Structure]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
org (organization) specifies how the content of the division is organized.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
composite
no claim is made about the sequence in which the immediate contents of this division are to be processed, or their inter-relationships.
uniform
the immediate contents of this element are regarded as forming a logical unit, to be processed in sequence.[Default]
sample indicates whether this division is a sample of the original source and if so, from which part.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
initial
division lacks material present at end in source.
medial
division lacks material at start and end.
final
division lacks material at start.
unknown
position of sampled material within original unknown.
complete
division is not a sample.[Default]

att.docStatus

att.docStatus provides attributes for use on metadata elements describing the status of a document.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
status describes the status of a document either currently or, when associated with a dated element, at the time indicated.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
approved
candidate
cleared
deprecated
draft
[Default]
embargoed
expired
frozen
galley
proposed
published
recommendation
submitted
unfinished
withdrawn
Example
<revisionDesc status="published">
 <change when="2010-10-21"
  status="published"/>
 <change when="2010-10-02status="cleared"/>
 <change when="2010-08-02"
  status="embargoed"/>
 <change when="2010-05-01status="frozen"
  who="#MSM"/>
 <change when="2010-03-01status="draft"
  who="#LB"/>
</revisionDesc>

att.editLike

att.editLike provides attributes describing the nature of an encoded scholarly intervention or interpretation of any kind. [3.5. Simple Editorial Changes 11.3.1. Origination 14.3.2. The Person Element 12.3.1.1. Core Elements for Transcriptional Work]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
evidence indicates the nature of the evidence supporting the reliability or accuracy of the intervention or interpretation.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
Suggested values include:
internal
there is internal evidence to support the intervention.
external
there is external evidence to support the intervention.
conjecture
the intervention or interpretation has been made by the editor, cataloguer, or scholar on the basis of their expertise.
instant indicates whether this is an instant revision or not.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.xTruthValue
Default false
Note

The members of this attribute class are typically used to represent any kind of editorial intervention in a text, for example a correction or interpretation, or to date or localize manuscripts etc.

Each pointer on the source (if present) corresponding to a witness or witness group should reference a bibliographic citation such as a <witness>, <msDesc>, or <bibl> element, or another external bibliographic citation, documenting the source concerned.

att.fragmentable

att.fragmentable provides attributes for representing fragmentation of a structural element, typically as a consequence of some overlapping hierarchy.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
part specifies whether or not its parent element is fragmented in some way, typically by some other overlapping structure: for example a speech which is divided between two or more verse stanzas, a paragraph which is split across a page division, a verse line which is divided between two speakers.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
Y
(yes) the element is fragmented in some (unspecified) respect
N
(no) the element is not fragmented, or no claim is made as to its completeness[Default]
I
(initial) this is the initial part of a fragmented element
M
(medial) this is a medial part of a fragmented element
F
(final) this is the final part of a fragmented element
Note

The values I, M, or F should be used only where it is clear how the element may be reconstituted.

att.global

att.global provides attributes common to all elements in the TEI encoding scheme. [1.3.1.1. Global Attributes]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
xml:id (identifier) provides a unique identifier for the element bearing the attribute.
Status Optional
Datatype ID
Note

The xml:id attribute may be used to specify a canonical reference for an element; see section 3.11. Reference Systems.

n (number) gives a number (or other label) for an element, which is not necessarily unique within the document.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.text
Note

The value of this attribute is always understood to be a single token, even if it contains space or other punctuation characters, and need not be composed of numbers only. It is typically used to specify the numbering of chapters, sections, list items, etc.; it may also be used in the specification of a standard reference system for the text.

xml:lang (language) indicates the language of the element content using a ‘tag’ generated according to BCP 47.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.language
<p> … The consequences of
 this rapid depopulation were the loss of the last
<foreign xml:lang="rap">ariki</foreign> or chief
 (Routledge 1920:205,210) and their connections to
 ancestral territorial organization.</p>
Note

The xml:lang value will be inherited from the immediately enclosing element, or from its parent, and so on up the document hierarchy. It is generally good practice to specify xml:lang at the highest appropriate level, noticing that a different default may be needed for the <teiHeader> from that needed for the associated resource element or elements, and that a single TEI document may contain texts in many languages.

Only attributes with free text values (rare in these guidelines) will be in the scope of xml:lang.

The authoritative list of registered language subtags is maintained by IANA and is available at https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry. For a good general overview of the construction of language tags, see https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/, and for a practical step-by-step guide, see https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-choosing-language-tags.en.php.

The value used must conform with BCP 47. If the value is a private use code (i.e., starts with x- or contains -x-), a <language> element with a matching value for its ident attribute should be supplied in the TEI header to document this value. Such documentation may also optionally be supplied for non-private-use codes, though these must remain consistent with their (IETF)Internet Engineering Task Force definitions.

xml:base provides a base URI reference with which applications can resolve relative URI references into absolute URI references.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
<div type="bibl">
 <head>Selections from <title level="m">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 1: 1791-1797</title>
 </head>
 <listBibl xml:base="https://romantic-circles.org/sites/default/files/imported/editions/southey_letters/XML/">
  <bibl>
   <ref target="letterEEd.26.3.xml">
    <title>Robert Southey to Grosvenor Charles Bedford</title>, <date when="1792-04-03">3 April 1792</date>.
   </ref>
  </bibl>
  <bibl>
   <ref target="letterEEd.26.57.xml">
    <title>Robert Southey to Anna Seward</title>, <date when="1793-09-18">18 September 1793</date>.
   </ref>
  </bibl>
  <bibl>
   <ref target="letterEEd.26.85.xml">
    <title>Robert Southey to Robert Lovell</title>, <date from="1794-04-05"
     to="1794-04-06">5-6 April, 1794</date>.
   </ref>
  </bibl>
 </listBibl>
</div>
xml:space signals an intention about how white space should be managed by applications.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
default
signals that the application's default white-space processing modes are acceptable
preserve
indicates the intent that applications preserve all white space
Note

The XML specification provides further guidance on the use of this attribute. Note that many parsers may not handle xml:space correctly.

att.global.analytic

att.global.analytic provides additional global attributes for associating specific analyses or interpretations with appropriate portions of a text. [18.2. Global Attributes for Simple Analyses 18.3. Spans and Interpretations]
Module analysis
Members
Attributes
about points to one or more elements representing topics of the text.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
ana (analysis) indicates one or more elements containing interpretations of the element on which the ana attribute appears.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

When multiple values are given, they may reflect either multiple divergent interpretations of an ambiguous text, or multiple mutually consistent interpretations of the same passage in different contexts.

att.global.change

att.global.change provides attributes allowing its member elements to specify one or more states or revision campaigns with which they are associated.
Module transcr
Members
Attributes
change points to one or more <change> elements documenting a state or revision campaign to which the element bearing this attribute and its children have been assigned by the encoder.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace

att.global.facs

att.global.facs provides attributes used to express correspondence between an element and all or part of a facsimile image or surface. [12.1. Digital Facsimiles]
Module transcr
Members
Attributes
facs (facsimile) points to one or more images, portions of an image, or surfaces which correspond to the current element.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace

att.global.linking

att.global.linking provides a set of attributes for hypertextual linking. [17. Linking, Segmentation, and Alignment]
Module linking
Members
Attributes
corresp (corresponds) points to elements that correspond to the current element in some way.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
In this example a <group> contains two <text>s, each containing the same document in a different language. The correspondence is indicated using corresp. The language is indicated using xml:lang, whose value is inherited; both the tag with the corresp and the tag pointed to by the corresp inherit the value from their immediate parent.
In this example, a <place> element containing information about the city of London is linked with two <person> elements in a literary personography. This correspondence represents a slightly looser relationship than the one in the preceding example; there is no sense in which an allegorical character could be substituted for the physical city, or vice versa, but there is obviously a correspondence between them.
synch (synchronous) points to elements that are synchronous with the current element.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
sameAs points to an element that is the same as the current element.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
copyOf points to an element of which the current element is a copy.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
Note

Any content of the current element should be ignored. Its true content is that of the element being pointed at.

next (next) points to the next element of a virtual aggregate of which the current element is part.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
Note

It is recommended that the element indicated be of the same type as the element bearing this attribute.

prev (previous) points to the previous element of a virtual aggregate of which the current element is part.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

It is recommended that the element indicated be of the same type as the element bearing this attribute.

exclude points to elements that are in exclusive alternation with the current element.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
select selects one or more alternants; if one alternant is selected, the ambiguity or uncertainty is marked as resolved. If more than one alternant is selected, the degree of ambiguity or uncertainty is marked as reduced by the number of alternants not selected.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

This attribute should be placed on an element which is superordinate to all of the alternants from which the selection is being made.

att.global.rendition

att.global.rendition provides rendering attributes common to all elements in the TEI encoding scheme. [1.3.1.1.3. Rendition Indicators]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
rend (rendition) indicates how the element in question was rendered or presented in the source text.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
<head rend="align(center) case(allcaps)">
 <lb/>To The <lb/>Duchesse <lb/>of <lb/>Newcastle,
<lb/>On Her <lb/>
 <hi rend="case(mixed)">New Blazing-World</hi>. 
</head>
Note

These Guidelines make no binding recommendations for the values of the rend attribute; the characteristics of visual presentation vary too much from text to text and the decision to record or ignore individual characteristics varies too much from project to project. Some potentially useful conventions are noted from time to time at appropriate points in the Guidelines. The values of the rend attribute are a set of sequence-indeterminate individual tokens separated by whitespace.

style contains an expression in some formal style definition language which defines the rendering or presentation used for this element in the source text.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.text
<head style="text-align: center; font-variant: small-caps">
 <lb/>To The <lb/>Duchesse <lb/>of <lb/>Newcastle, <lb/>On Her
<lb/>
 <hi style="font-variant: normal">New Blazing-World</hi>. 
</head>
Note

Unlike the attribute values of rend, which uses whitespace as a separator, the style attribute may contain whitespace. This attribute is intended for recording inline stylistic information concerning the source, not any particular output.

The formal language in which values for this attribute are expressed may be specified using the <styleDefDecl> element in the TEI header.

If style and rendition are both present on an element, then style overrides or complements rendition. style should not be used in conjunction with rend, because the latter does not employ a formal style definition language.

rendition points to a description of the rendering or presentation used for this element in the source text.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
<head rendition="#ac #sc">
 <lb/>To The <lb/>Duchesse <lb/>of <lb/>Newcastle, <lb/>On Her
<lb/>
 <hi rendition="#normal">New Blazing-World</hi>. 
</head>
<!-- elsewhere... -->
<rendition xml:id="sc"
 scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="normal"
 scheme="css">font-variant: normal</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="ac"
 scheme="css">text-align: center</rendition>
Note

The rendition attribute is used in a very similar way to the class attribute defined for XHTML but with the important distinction that its function is to describe the appearance of the source text, not necessarily to determine how that text should be presented on screen or paper.

If rendition is used to refer to a style definition in a formal language like CSS, it is recommended that it not be used in conjunction with rend. Where both rendition and rend are supplied, the latter is understood to override or complement the former.

Each URI provided should indicate a <rendition> element defining the intended rendition in terms of some appropriate style language, as indicated by the scheme attribute.

att.global.responsibility

att.global.responsibility provides attributes indicating the agent responsible for some aspect of the text, the markup or something asserted by the markup, and the degree of certainty associated with it. [1.3.1.1.4. Sources, certainty, and responsibility 3.5. Simple Editorial Changes 12.3.2.2. Hand, Responsibility, and Certainty Attributes 18.3. Spans and Interpretations 14.1.1. Linking Names and Their Referents]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
cert (certainty) signifies the degree of certainty associated with the intervention or interpretation.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.probCert
resp (responsible party) indicates the agency responsible for the intervention or interpretation, for example an editor or transcriber.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

To reduce the ambiguity of a resp pointing directly to a person or organization, we recommend that resp be used to point not to an agent (<person> or <org>) but to a <respStmt>, <author>, <editor> or similar element which clarifies the exact role played by the agent. Pointing to multiple <respStmt>s allows the encoder to specify clearly each of the roles played in part of a TEI file (creating, transcribing, encoding, editing, proofing etc.).

Example
Blessed are the
<choice>
 <sic>cheesemakers</sic>
 <corr resp="#editorcert="high">peacemakers</corr>
</choice>: for they shall be called the children of God.
Example
<!-- in the <text> ... --><lg>
<!-- ... -->
 <l>Punkes, Panders, baſe extortionizing
   sla<choice>
   <sic>n</sic>
   <corr resp="#JENS1_transcriber">u</corr>
  </choice>es,</l>
<!-- ... -->
</lg>
<!-- in the <teiHeader> ... -->
<!-- ... -->
<respStmt xml:id="JENS1_transcriber">
 <resp when="2014">Transcriber</resp>
 <name>Janelle Jenstad</name>
</respStmt>

att.global.source

att.global.source provides attributes used by elements to point to an external source. [1.3.1.1.4. Sources, certainty, and responsibility 3.3.3. Quotation 8.3.4. Writing]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
source specifies the source from which some aspect of this element is drawn.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@source]">
<sch:let name="srcs"
 value="tokenize( normalize-space(@source),' ')"/>
<sch:report test="( self::tei:classRef | self::tei:dataRef | self::tei:elementRef | 
 self::tei:macroRef | self::tei:moduleRef | self::tei:schemaSpec ) 
 and $srcs[2]"> When used on a schema description element (like
<sch:value-of select="name(.)"/>), the @source attribute
 should have only 1 value. (This one has <sch:value-of select="count($srcs)"/>.)
</sch:report>
</sch:rule>
Note

The source attribute points to an external source. When used on an element describing a schema component (<classRef>, <dataRef>, <elementRef>, <macroRef>, <moduleRef>, or <schemaSpec>), it identifies the source from which declarations for the components should be obtained.

On other elements it provides a pointer to the bibliographical source from which a quotation or citation is drawn.

In either case, the location may be provided using any form of URI, for example an absolute URI, a relative URI, a private scheme URI of the form tei:x.y.z, where x.y.z indicates the version number, e.g. tei:4.3.2 for TEI P5 release 4.3.2 or (as a special case) tei:current for whatever is the latest release, or a private scheme URI that is expanded to an absolute URI as documented in a <prefixDef>.

When used on elements describing schema components, source should have only one value; when used on other elements multiple values are permitted.

Example
<p>
<!-- ... --> As Willard McCarty (<bibl xml:id="mcc_2012">2012, p.2</bibl>) tells us, <quote source="#mcc_2012">‘Collaboration’ is a problematic and should be a contested
   term.</quote>
<!-- ... -->
</p>
Example
<p>
<!-- ... -->
 <quote source="#chicago_15_ed">Grammatical theories are in flux, and the more we learn, the
   less we seem to know.</quote>
<!-- ... -->
</p>
<!-- ... -->
<bibl xml:id="chicago_15_ed">
 <title level="m">The Chicago Manual of Style</title>,
<edition>15th edition</edition>. <pubPlace>Chicago</pubPlace>: <publisher>University of
   Chicago Press</publisher> (<date>2003</date>), <biblScope unit="page">p.147</biblScope>.

</bibl>
Example
<elementRef key="psource="tei:2.0.1"/>
Include in the schema an element named <p> available from the TEI P5 2.0.1 release.
Example
<schemaSpec ident="myODD"
 source="mycompiledODD.xml">
<!-- further declarations specifying the components required -->
</schemaSpec>
Create a schema using components taken from the file mycompiledODD.xml.

att.internetMedia

att.internetMedia provides attributes for specifying the type of a computer resource using a standard taxonomy.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
mimeType (MIME media type) specifies the applicable multimedia internet mail extension (MIME) media type.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.word separated by whitespace
Example In this example mimeType is used to indicate that the URL points to a TEI XML file encoded in UTF-8.
<ref mimeType="application/tei+xml; charset=UTF-8"
 target="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TEIC/TEI/dev/P5/Source/guidelines-en.xml"/>
Note

This attribute class provides an attribute for describing a computer resource, typically available over the internet, using a value taken from a standard taxonomy. At present only a single taxonomy is supported, the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Media Type system. This typology of media types is defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 2046. The list of types is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). The mimeType attribute must have a value taken from this list.

att.interpLike

att.interpLike provides attributes for elements which represent a formal analysis or interpretation. [18.2. Global Attributes for Simple Analyses]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
type indicates what kind of phenomenon is being noted in the passage.
Status Recommended
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
image
identifies an image in the passage.
character
identifies a character associated with the passage.
theme
identifies a theme in the passage.
allusion
identifies an allusion to another text.
subtype (subtype) provides a sub-categorization of the phenomenon is being noted in the passage, if needed.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Note

The subtype attribute may be used to provide any sub-classification for the element additional to that provided by its type attribute.

inst (instances) points to instances of the analysis or interpretation represented by the current element.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

The current element should be an analytic one. The element pointed at should be a textual one.

att.msClass

att.msClass provides attributes to indicate text type or classification. [11.6. Intellectual Content 11.6.1. The msItem and msItemStruct Elements]
Module msdescription
Members
Attributes
class identifies the text types or classifications applicable to this item by pointing to other elements or resources defining the classification concerned.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace

att.msExcerpt

att.msExcerpt (manuscript excerpt) provides attributes used to describe excerpts from a manuscript placed in a description thereof. [11.6. Intellectual Content]
Module msdescription
Members
Attributes
defective indicates whether the passage being quoted is defective, i.e. incomplete through loss or damage.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.xTruthValue
Note

In the case of an incipit, indicates whether the incipit as given is defective, i.e. the first words of the text as preserved, as opposed to the first words of the work itself. In the case of an explicit, indicates whether the explicit as given is defective, i.e. the final words of the text as preserved, as opposed to what the closing words would have been had the text of the work been whole.

att.naming

att.naming provides attributes common to elements which refer to named persons, places, organizations etc. [3.6.1. Referring Strings 14.3.7. Names and Nyms]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
role may be used to specify further information about the entity referenced by this name in the form of a set of whitespace-separated values, for example the occupation of a person, or the status of a place.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
nymRef (reference to the canonical name) provides a means of locating the canonical form (nym) of the names associated with the object named by the element bearing it.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

The value must point directly to one or more XML elements by means of one or more URIs, separated by whitespace. If more than one is supplied, the implication is that the name is associated with several distinct canonical names.

att.notated

att.notated provides attributes to indicate any specialised notation used for element content.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
notation names the notation used for the content of the element.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated

att.personal

att.personal (attributes for components of names usually, but not necessarily, personal names) common attributes for those elements which form part of a name usually, but not necessarily, a personal name. [14.2.1. Personal Names]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
full indicates whether the name component is given in full, as an abbreviation or simply as an initial.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
yes
(yes) the name component is spelled out in full.[Default]
abb
(abbreviated) the name component is given in an abbreviated form.
init
(initial letter) the name component is indicated only by one initial.
sort (sort) specifies the sort order of the name component in relation to others within the name.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.count

att.placement

att.placement provides attributes for describing where on the source page or object a textual element appears. [3.5.3. Additions, Deletions, and Omissions 12.3.1.4. Additions and Deletions]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
place specifies where this item is placed.
Status Recommended
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.enumerated separated by whitespace
Suggested values include:
top
at the top of the page
bottom
at the foot of the page
margin
in the margin (left, right, or both)
opposite
on the opposite, i.e. facing, page
overleaf
on the other side of the leaf
above
above the line
right
to the right, e.g. to the right of a vertical line of text, or to the right of a figure
below
below the line
left
to the left, e.g. to the left of a vertical line of text, or to the left of a figure
end
at the end of e.g. chapter or volume.
inline
within the body of the text.
inspace
in a predefined space, for example left by an earlier scribe.
<add place="margin">[An addition written in the margin]</add>
<add place="bottom opposite">[An addition written at the
 foot of the current page and also on the facing page]</add>
<note place="bottom">Ibid, p.7</note>

att.pointing

att.pointing provides a set of attributes used by all elements which point to other elements by means of one or more URI references. [1.3.1.1.2. Language Indicators 3.7. Simple Links and Cross-References]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
targetLang specifies the language of the content to be found at the destination referenced by target, using a ‘language tag’ generated according to BCP 47.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.language
Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[not(self::tei:schemaSpec)][@targetLang]">
<sch:assert test="@target">@targetLang should only be used on <sch:name/> if @target is specified.</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
<linkGrp xml:id="pol-swh_aln_2.1-linkGrp">
 <ptr xml:id="pol-swh_aln_2.1.1-ptr"
  target="pol/UDHR/text.xml#pol_txt_1-head"
  type="tuv"
  targetLang="pl"/>
 <ptr xml:id="pol-swh_aln_2.1.2-ptr"
  target="swh/UDHR/text.xml#swh_txt_1-head"
  type="tuv"
  targetLang="sw"/>
</linkGrp>
In the example above, the <linkGrp> combines pointers at parallel fragments of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: one of them is in Polish, the other in Swahili.
Note

The value must conform to BCP 47. If the value is a private use code (i.e., starts with x- or contains -x-), a <language> element with a matching value for its ident attribute should be supplied in the TEI header to document this value. Such documentation may also optionally be supplied for non-private-use codes, though these must remain consistent with their (IETF)Internet Engineering Task Force definitions.

target specifies the destination of the reference by supplying one or more URI References.
Status Optional
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

One or more syntactically valid URI references, separated by whitespace. Because whitespace is used to separate URIs, no whitespace is permitted inside a single URI. If a whitespace character is required in a URI, it should be escaped with the normal mechanism, e.g. TEI%20Consortium.

evaluate (evaluate) specifies the intended meaning when the target of a pointer is itself a pointer.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
all
if the element pointed to is itself a pointer, then the target of that pointer will be taken, and so on, until an element is found which is not a pointer.
one
if the element pointed to is itself a pointer, then its target (whether a pointer or not) is taken as the target of this pointer.
none
no further evaluation of targets is carried out beyond that needed to find the element specified in the pointer's target.
Note

If no value is given, the application program is responsible for deciding (possibly on the basis of user input) how far to trace a chain of pointers.

att.ranging

att.ranging provides attributes for describing numerical ranges.
Module tei
Members
Attributes
atLeast gives a minimum estimated value for the approximate measurement.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.numeric
atMost gives a maximum estimated value for the approximate measurement.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.numeric
min where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the minimum value observed.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.numeric
max where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the maximum value observed.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.numeric
confidence specifies the degree of statistical confidence (between zero and one) that a value falls within the range specified by min and max, or the proportion of observed values that fall within that range.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.probability
Example
 The MS. was lost in transmission by mail from
<del rend="overstrike">
 <gap reason="illegible"
  extent="one or two lettersatLeast="1atMost="2unit="chars"/>
</del>
 Philadelphia to the Graphic office, New York.
Example
 Americares has been supporting the health sector in Eastern Europe since 1986,
 and since 1992 has provided <measure atLeast="120000000unit="USD"
 commodity="currency">more
 than $120m</measure> in aid to Ukrainians.

att.segLike

att.segLike provides attributes for elements used for arbitrary segmentation. [17.3. Blocks, Segments, and Anchors 18.1. Linguistic Segment Categories]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
function (function) characterizes the function of the segment.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Note

Attribute values will often vary depending on the type of element to which they are attached. For example, a <cl>, may take values such as coordinate, subject, adverbial etc. For a <phr>, such values as subject, predicate etc. may be more appropriate. Such constraints will typically be implemented by a project-defined customization.

att.sortable

att.sortable provides attributes for elements in lists or groups that are sortable, but whose sorting key cannot be derived mechanically from the element content. [10.1. Dictionary Body and Overall Structure]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
sortKey supplies the sort key for this element in an index, list or group which contains it.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.word
David's other principal backer, Josiah
 ha-Kohen <index indexName="NAMES">
 <term sortKey="Azarya_Josiah_Kohen">Josiah ha-Kohen b. Azarya</term>
</index> b. Azarya, son of one of the last gaons of Sura was David's own first
 cousin.
Note

The sort key is used to determine the sequence and grouping of entries in an index. It provides a sequence of characters which, when sorted with the other values, will produced the desired order; specifics of sort key construction are application-dependent

Dictionary order often differs from the collation sequence of machine-readable character sets; in English-language dictionaries, an entry for 4-H will often appear alphabetized under ‘fourh’, and McCoy may be alphabetized under ‘maccoy’, while A1, A4, and A5 may all appear in numeric order ‘alphabetized’ between ‘a-’ and ‘AA’. The sort key is required if the orthography of the dictionary entry does not suffice to determine its location.

att.timed

att.timed provides attributes common to those elements which have a duration in time, expressed either absolutely or by reference to an alignment map. [8.3.5. Temporal Information]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
start indicates the location within a temporal alignment at which this element begins.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
Note

If no value is supplied, the element is assumed to follow the immediately preceding element at the same hierarchic level.

end indicates the location within a temporal alignment at which this element ends.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer
Note

If no value is supplied, the element is assumed to precede the immediately following element at the same hierarchic level.

att.typed

att.typed provides attributes that can be used to classify or subclassify elements in any way. [1.3.1. Attribute Classes 18.1.1. Words and Above 3.6.1. Referring Strings 3.7. Simple Links and Cross-References 3.6.5. Abbreviations and Their Expansions 3.13.1. Core Tags for Verse 7.2.5. Speech Contents 4.1.1. Un-numbered Divisions 4.1.2. Numbered Divisions 4.2.1. Headings and Trailers 4.4. Virtual Divisions 14.3.2.3. Personal Relationships 12.3.1.1. Core Elements for Transcriptional Work 17.1.1. Pointers and Links 17.3. Blocks, Segments, and Anchors 13.2. Linking the Apparatus to the Text 23.5.1.2. Defining Content Models: RELAX NG 8.3. Elements Unique to Spoken Texts 24.3.1.3. Modification of Attribute and Attribute Value Lists]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
type characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
<div type="verse">
 <head>Night in Tarras</head>
 <lg type="stanza">
  <l>At evening tramping on the hot white road</l>
  <l></l>
 </lg>
 <lg type="stanza">
  <l>A wind sprang up from nowhere as the sky</l>
  <l></l>
 </lg>
</div>
Note

The type attribute is present on a number of elements, not all of which are members of att.typed, usually because these elements restrict the possible values for the attribute in a specific way.

subtype (subtype) provides a sub-categorization of the element, if needed.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Note

The subtype attribute may be used to provide any sub-classification for the element additional to that provided by its type attribute.

Schematron
<sch:rule context="tei:*[@subtype]">
<sch:assert test="@type">The <sch:name/> element should not be categorized in detail with @subtype unless also categorized in general with @type</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
Note

When appropriate, values from an established typology should be used. Alternatively a typology may be defined in the associated TEI header. If values are to be taken from a project-specific list, this should be defined using the <valList> element in the project-specific schema description, as described in 24.3.1.3. Modification of Attribute and Attribute Value Lists .

att.written

att.written provides attributes to indicate the hand in which the content of an element was written in the source being transcribed. [1.3.1. Attribute Classes]
Module tei
Members
Attributes
hand points to a <handNote> element describing the hand considered responsible for the content of the element concerned.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.pointer

Macros

macro.limitedContent

macro.limitedContent (paragraph content) defines the content of prose elements that are not used for transcription of extant materials. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.limitedPhrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.inter"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
macro.limitedContent = ( text | model.limitedPhrase | model.inter )*

macro.paraContent

macro.paraContent (paragraph content) defines the content of paragraphs and similar elements. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.paraPart"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
macro.paraContent = ( text | model.paraPart )*

macro.phraseSeq

macro.phraseSeq (phrase sequence) defines a sequence of character data and phrase-level elements. [1.4.1. Standard Content Models]
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.attributable"/>
  <classRef key="model.phrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
macro.phraseSeq =
   ( text | model.gLike | model.attributable | model.phrase | model.global )*

macro.phraseSeq.limited

macro.phraseSeq.limited (limited phrase sequence) defines a sequence of character data and those phrase-level elements that are not typically used for transcribing extant documents. [1.4.1. Standard Content Models]
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.limitedPhrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
macro.phraseSeq.limited = ( text | model.limitedPhrase | model.global )*

macro.specialPara

macro.specialPara ('special' paragraph content) defines the content model of elements such as notes or list items, which either contain a series of component-level elements or else have the same structure as a paragraph, containing a series of phrase-level and inter-level elements. [1.3. The TEI Class System]
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <textNode/>
  <classRef key="model.gLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.phrase"/>
  <classRef key="model.inter"/>
  <classRef key="model.divPart"/>
  <classRef key="model.global"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
macro.specialPara =
   (
      text
    | model.gLike
    | model.phrasemodel.intermodel.divPartmodel.global
   )*

Datatypes

teidata.certainty

teidata.certainty defines the range of attribute values expressing a degree of certainty.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <valList type="closed">
  <valItem ident="high"/>
  <valItem ident="medium"/>
  <valItem ident="low"/>
  <valItem ident="unknown"/>
 </valList>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.certainty = "high" | "medium" | "low" | "unknown"
Note

Certainty may be expressed by one of the predefined symbolic values high, medium, or low. The value unknown should be used in cases where the encoder does not wish to assert an opinion about the matter.

teidata.count

teidata.count defines the range of attribute values used for a non-negative integer value used as a count.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="nonNegativeInteger"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.count = xsd:nonNegativeInteger
Note

Any positive integer value or zero is permitted

teidata.duration.iso

teidata.duration.iso defines the range of attribute values available for representation of a duration in time using ISO 8601 standard formats.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="[0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.duration.iso = token { pattern = "[0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+" }
Example
<time dur-iso="PT0,75H">three-quarters of an hour</time>
Example
<date dur-iso="P1,5D">a day and a half</date>
Example
<date dur-iso="P14D">a fortnight</date>
Example
<time dur-iso="PT0.02S">20 ms</time>
Note

A duration is expressed as a sequence of number-letter pairs, preceded by the letter P; the letter gives the unit and may be Y (year), M (month), D (day), H (hour), M (minute), or S (second), in that order. The numbers are all unsigned integers, except for the last, which may have a decimal component (using either . or , as the decimal point; the latter is preferred). If any number is 0, then that number-letter pair may be omitted. If any of the H (hour), M (minute), or S (second) number-letter pairs are present, then the separator T must precede the first ‘time’ number-letter pair.

For complete details, see ISO 8601 Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times.

teidata.duration.w3c

teidata.duration.w3c defines the range of attribute values available for representation of a duration in time using W3C datatypes.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="duration"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.duration.w3c = xsd:duration
Example
<time dur="PT45M">forty-five minutes</time>
Example
<date dur="P1DT12H">a day and a half</date>
Example
<date dur="P7D">a week</date>
Example
<time dur="PT0.02S">20 ms</time>
Note

A duration is expressed as a sequence of number-letter pairs, preceded by the letter P; the letter gives the unit and may be Y (year), M (month), D (day), H (hour), M (minute), or S (second), in that order. The numbers are all unsigned integers, except for the S number, which may have a decimal component (using . as the decimal point). If any number is 0, then that number-letter pair may be omitted. If any of the H (hour), M (minute), or S (second) number-letter pairs are present, then the separator T must precede the first ‘time’ number-letter pair.

For complete details, see the W3C specification.

teidata.enumerated

teidata.enumerated defines the range of attribute values expressed as a single XML name taken from a list of documented possibilities.
Module tei
Used by
teidata.gender teidata.sexElement:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef key="teidata.word"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.enumerated = teidata.word
Note

Attributes using this datatype must contain a single ‘word’ which contains only letters, digits, punctuation characters, or symbols: thus it cannot include whitespace.

Typically, the list of documented possibilities will be provided (or exemplified) by a value list in the associated attribute specification, expressed with a <valList> element.

teidata.gender

teidata.gender defines the range of attribute values used to represent the gender of a person, persona, or character.
Module tei
Used by
Element:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef key="teidata.enumerated"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.gender = teidata.enumerated
Note

Values for attributes using this datatype may be defined locally by a project, or they may refer to an external standard.

Values for this datatype should not be used to encode morphological gender (cf. <gen>, msd as defined in att.linguistic, and 10.3.1. Information on Written and Spoken Forms).

teidata.language

teidata.language defines the range of attribute values used to identify a particular combination of human language and writing system. [6.1. Language Identification]
Module tei
Used by
Element:
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef name="language"/>
  <valList>
   <valItem ident=""/>
  </valList>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.language = xsd:language | ( "" )
Note

The values for this attribute are language ‘tags’ as defined in BCP 47. Currently BCP 47 comprises RFC 5646 and RFC 4647; over time, other IETF documents may succeed these as the best current practice.

A ‘language tag’, per BCP 47, is assembled from a sequence of components or subtags separated by the hyphen character (-, U+002D). The tag is made of the following subtags, in the following order. Every subtag except the first is optional. If present, each occurs only once, except the fourth and fifth components (variant and extension), which are repeatable.

language
The IANA-registered code for the language. This is almost always the same as the ISO 639 2-letter language code if there is one. The list of available registered language subtags can be found at https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry. It is recommended that this code be written in lower case.
script
The ISO 15924 code for the script. These codes consist of 4 letters, and it is recommended they be written with an initial capital, the other three letters in lower case. The canonical list of codes is maintained by the Unicode Consortium, and is available at https://unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html. The IETF recommends this code be omitted unless it is necessary to make a distinction you need.
region
Either an ISO 3166 country code or a UN M.49 region code that is registered with IANA (not all such codes are registered, e.g. UN codes for economic groupings or codes for countries for which there is already an ISO 3166 2-letter code are not registered). The former consist of 2 letters, and it is recommended they be written in upper case; the list of codes can be searched or browsed at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/. The latter consist of 3 digits; the list of codes can be found at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm.
variant
An IANA-registered variation. These codes ‘are used to indicate additional, well-recognized variations that define a language or its dialects that are not covered by other available subtags’.
extension
An extension has the format of a single letter followed by a hyphen followed by additional subtags. There are currently only two extensions in use. Extension T indicates that the content was transformed. For example en-t-it could be used for content in English that was translated from Italian. Extension T is described in the informational RFC 6497. Extension U can be used to embed a variety of locale attributes. It is described in the informational RFC 6067.
private use
An extension that uses the initial subtag of the single letter x (i.e., starts with x-) has no meaning except as negotiated among the parties involved. These should be used with great care, since they interfere with the interoperability that use of RFC 4646 is intended to promote. In order for a document that makes use of these subtags to be TEI-conformant, a corresponding <language> element must be present in the TEI header.

There are two exceptions to the above format. First, there are language tags in the IANA registry that do not match the above syntax, but are present because they have been ‘grandfathered’ from previous specifications.

Second, an entire language tag can consist of only a private use subtag. These tags start with x-, and do not need to follow any further rules established by the IETF and endorsed by these Guidelines. Like all language tags that make use of private use subtags, the language in question must be documented in a corresponding <language> element in the TEI header.

Examples include

sn
Shona
zh-TW
Taiwanese
zh-Hant-HK
Chinese written in traditional script as used in Hong Kong
en-SL
English as spoken in Sierra Leone
pl
Polish
es-MX
Spanish as spoken in Mexico
es-419
Spanish as spoken in Latin America

The W3C Internationalization Activity has published a useful introduction to BCP 47, Language tags in HTML and XML.

teidata.name

teidata.name defines the range of attribute values expressed as an XML Name.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="Name"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.name = xsd:Name
Note

Attributes using this datatype must contain a single word which follows the rules defining a legal XML name (see https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#dt-name): for example they cannot include whitespace or begin with digits.

teidata.numeric

teidata.numeric defines the range of attribute values used for numeric values.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef name="double"/>
  <dataRef name="token"
   restriction="(\-?[\d]+/\-?[\d]+)"/>
  <dataRef name="decimal"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.numeric =
   xsd:double | token { pattern = "(\-?[\d]+/\-?[\d]+)" } | xsd:decimal
Note

Any numeric value, represented as a decimal number, in floating point format, or as a ratio.

To represent a floating point number, expressed in scientific notation, ‘E notation’, a variant of ‘exponential notation’, may be used. In this format, the value is expressed as two numbers separated by the letter E. The first number, the significand (sometimes called the mantissa) is given in decimal format, while the second is an integer. The value is obtained by multiplying the mantissa by 10 the number of times indicated by the integer. Thus the value represented in decimal notation as 1000.0 might be represented in scientific notation as 10E3.

A value expressed as a ratio is represented by two integer values separated by a solidus (/) character. Thus, the value represented in decimal notation as 0.5 might be represented as a ratio by the string 1/2.

teidata.outputMeasurement

teidata.outputMeasurement defines a range of values for use in specifying the size of an object that is intended for display.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="[\-+]?\d+(\.\d+)?(%|cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|em|ex|ch|rem|vw|vh|vmin|vmax)"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.outputMeasurement =
   token
   {
      pattern = "[\-+]?\d+(\.\d+)?(%|cm|mm|in|pt|pc|px|em|ex|ch|rem|vw|vh|vmin|vmax)"
   }
Example
<figure>
 <head>The TEI Logo</head>
 <figDesc>Stylized yellow angle brackets with the letters <mentioned>TEI</mentioned> in
   between and <mentioned>text encoding initiative</mentioned> underneath, all on a white
   background.</figDesc>
 <graphic height="600pxwidth="600px"
  url="http://www.tei-c.org/logos/TEI-600.jpg"/>
</figure>
Note

These values map directly onto the values used by XSL-FO and CSS. For definitions of the units see those specifications; at the time of this writing the most complete list is in the CSS3 working draft.

teidata.pattern

teidata.pattern defines attribute values which are expressed as a regular expression.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.pattern = token
Note
A regular expression, often called a pattern, is an expression that describes a set of strings. They are usually used to give a concise description of a set, without having to list all elements. For example, the set containing the three strings Handel, Händel, and Haendel can be described by the pattern H(ä|ae?)ndel (or alternatively, it is said that the pattern H(ä|ae?)ndel matches each of the three strings)
Wikipedia

This TEI datatype is mapped to the XSD token datatype, and may therefore contain any string of characters. However, it is recommended that the value used conform to the particular flavour of regular expression syntax supported by XSD Schema.

teidata.point

teidata.point defines the data type used to express a point in cartesian space.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="(-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?,-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.point = token { pattern = "(-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?,-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)" }
Example
<facsimile>
 <surface ulx="0uly="0lrx="400lry="280">
  <zone points="220,100 300,210 170,250 123,234">
   <graphic url="handwriting.png"/>
  </zone>
 </surface>
</facsimile>
Note

A point is defined by two numeric values, which should be expressed as decimal numbers. Neither number can end in a decimal point. E.g., both 0.0,84.2 and 0,84 are allowed, but 0.,84. is not.

teidata.pointer

teidata.pointer defines the range of attribute values used to provide a single URI, absolute or relative, pointing to some other resource, either within the current document or elsewhere.
Module tei
Used by
Element:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef restriction="\S+" name="anyURI"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.pointer = xsd:anyURI { pattern = "\S+" }
Note

The range of syntactically valid values is defined by RFC 3986 Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax. Note that the values themselves are encoded using RFC 3987 Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) mapping to URIs. For example, https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/% is encoded as https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/%25 while http://موقع.وزارة-الاتصالات.مصر/ is encoded as http://xn--4gbrim.xn----rmckbbajlc6dj7bxne2c.xn--wgbh1c/

teidata.probCert

teidata.probCert defines a range of attribute values which can be expressed either as a numeric probability or as a coded certainty value.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef key="teidata.probability"/>
  <dataRef key="teidata.certainty"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.probCert = teidata.probability | teidata.certainty

teidata.probability

teidata.probability defines the range of attribute values expressing a probability.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="double">
  <dataFacet name="minInclusive" value="0"/>
  <dataFacet name="maxInclusive" value="1"/>
 </dataRef>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.probability = xsd:double
Note

Probability is expressed as a real number between 0 and 1; 0 representing certainly false and 1 representing certainly true.

teidata.replacement

teidata.replacement defines attribute values which contain a replacement template.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <textNode/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.replacement = text

teidata.sex

teidata.sex defines the range of attribute values used to identify the sex of an organism.
Module tei
Used by
Element:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef key="teidata.enumerated"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.sex = teidata.enumerated
Note

Values for attributes using this datatype may be defined locally by a project, or they may refer to an external standard.

teidata.temporal.iso

teidata.temporal.iso defines the range of attribute values expressing a temporal expression such as a date, a time, or a combination of them, that conform to the international standard Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef name="date"/>
  <dataRef name="gYear"/>
  <dataRef name="gMonth"/>
  <dataRef name="gDay"/>
  <dataRef name="gYearMonth"/>
  <dataRef name="gMonthDay"/>
  <dataRef name="time"/>
  <dataRef name="dateTime"/>
  <dataRef name="token"
   restriction="[0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.temporal.iso =
   xsd:date
 | xsd:gYear
 | xsd:gMonth
 | xsd:gDay
 | xsd:gYearMonth
 | xsd:gMonthDay
 | xsd:time
 | xsd:dateTime
 | token { pattern = "[0-9.,DHMPRSTWYZ/:+\-]+" }
Note

If it is likely that the value used is to be compared with another, then a time zone indicator should always be included, and only the dateTime representation should be used.

For all representations for which ISO 8601:2004 describes both a basic and an extended format, these Guidelines recommend use of the extended format.

teidata.temporal.w3c

teidata.temporal.w3c defines the range of attribute values expressing a temporal expression such as a date, a time, or a combination of them, that conform to the W3C XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition specification.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef name="date"/>
  <dataRef name="gYear"/>
  <dataRef name="gMonth"/>
  <dataRef name="gDay"/>
  <dataRef name="gYearMonth"/>
  <dataRef name="gMonthDay"/>
  <dataRef name="time"/>
  <dataRef name="dateTime"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.temporal.w3c =
   xsd:date
 | xsd:gYear
 | xsd:gMonth
 | xsd:gDay
 | xsd:gYearMonth
 | xsd:gMonthDay
 | xsd:time
 | xsd:dateTime
Note

If it is likely that the value used is to be compared with another, then a time zone indicator should always be included, and only the dateTime representation should be used.

teidata.text

teidata.text defines the range of attribute values used to express some kind of identifying string as a single sequence of Unicode characters possibly including whitespace.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="string"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.text = string
Note

Attributes using this datatype must contain a single ‘token’ in which whitespace and other punctuation characters are permitted.

teidata.truthValue

teidata.truthValue defines the range of attribute values used to express a truth value.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="boolean"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.truthValue = xsd:boolean
Note

The possible values of this datatype are 1 or true, or 0 or false.

This datatype applies only for cases where uncertainty is inappropriate; if the attribute concerned may have a value other than true or false, e.g. unknown, or inapplicable, it should have the extended version of this datatype: teidata.xTruthValue.

teidata.version

teidata.version defines the range of attribute values which may be used to specify a TEI or Unicode version number.
Module tei
Used by
Element:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="[\d]+(\.[\d]+){0,2}"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.version = token { pattern = "[\d]+(\.[\d]+){0,2}" }
Note

The value of this attribute follows the pattern specified by the Unicode consortium for its version number (https://unicode.org/versions/). A version number contains digits and fullstop characters only. The first number supplied identifies the major version number. A second and third number, for minor and sub-minor version numbers, may also be supplied.

teidata.versionNumber

teidata.versionNumber defines the range of attribute values used for version numbers.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="[\d]+[a-z]*[\d]*(\.[\d]+[a-z]*[\d]*){0,3}"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.versionNumber =
   token { pattern = "[\d]+[a-z]*[\d]*(\.[\d]+[a-z]*[\d]*){0,3}" }

teidata.word

teidata.word defines the range of attribute values expressed as a single word or token.
Module tei
Used by
teidata.enumeratedElement:
Content model
<content>
 <dataRef name="token"
  restriction="[^\p{C}\p{Z}]+"/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.word = token { pattern = "[^\p{C}\p{Z}]+" }
Note

Attributes using this datatype must contain a single ‘word’ which contains only letters, digits, punctuation characters, or symbols: thus it cannot include whitespace.

teidata.xTruthValue

teidata.xTruthValue (extended truth value) defines the range of attribute values used to express a truth value which may be unknown.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <alternate>
  <dataRef name="boolean"/>
  <valList>
   <valItem ident="unknown"/>
   <valItem ident="inapplicable"/>
  </valList>
 </alternate>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.xTruthValue = xsd:boolean | ( "unknown" | "inapplicable" )
Note

In cases where where uncertainty is inappropriate, use the datatype teidata.TruthValue.

teidata.xpath

teidata.xpath defines attribute values which contain an XPath expression.
Module tei
Used by
Content model
<content>
 <textNode/>
</content>
    
Declaration
teidata.xpath = text
Note

Any XPath expression using the syntax defined in 6.2..

When writing programs that evaluate XPath expressions, programmers should be mindful of the possibility of malicious code injection attacks. For further information about XPath injection attacks, see the article at OWASP.

Francesca Massarenti. Date: 2025-07-23